MN Islam
Bangladesh Milk Producer’s Co-operative Union Limited (Milk Vita), Tejgaon, Dhaka-1208; Palli Karma-Sahayak Foundation, Agargaon, Dhaka
MS Bari
Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
MR Habib
Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
MM Sarkar
Palli Karma-Sahayak Foundation, Agargaon, Dhaka
MA Islam
Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
Dairy farm; Milk production; Variable cost; Repeat breeding; BCR; Profitability
Sirajganj, Bogura, Rangpur, Satkhira, and Munshiganj
Socio-economic and Policy
Cost of production
Study area and data collection- Few districts are known as milk pocket areas of Bangladesh viz. Sirajganj, Bogura, Rangpur, Satkhira, and Munshiganj due to the fastest- growing small scale dairying and a good number of dairy farms. This study defines dairy farm size based on the number of dairy cows in the herd such as small farm (1-5 cows), medium farm (6- 15 cows) and large farm (more than 15 cows). Primary data were collected through direct interview method from the dairy farm owners. Before the actual interview; the farmers were given short briefings regarding the nature and purpose of the study. The questions were asked systematically and explanations were made whenever it was felt necessary. The information supplied by the farmers were recorded directly on the interview schedule and checked carefully before leaving the farms. A total of 265 dairy farms having 3824 dairy cows were surveyed in the year 2018-19 from the five selected districts (Sirajganj, 58; Bogura, 48; Rangpur, 94; Satkhira, 40 and Munshiganj, 25 farms) of Bangladesh. Distribution pattern of dairy farms and genotype of cows among the studied areas are presented. Those cows failed to conceive after three or more services, had normal estrus cycle, free from palpable abnormalities, no abnormal vaginal discharges, delivered at least once before and had less than ten years old are to be considered as repeat breeder. The distribution pattern of repeat breeder dairy cows among the studied areas. This study considered feed, labor, housing, AI, veterinary and preventive care costs under the cost calculation category and sales value of milk, cow dung, empty gunny bags, and culled calves as a return from the dairy farm (Halder and Barua, 2003). The total cost of milk production consisted of total fixed cost (TFC) and total variable cost (TVC). In this study, TFC belongs to depreciation cost on housing that covering the interest cost and which was 10 percent per annum. Total variable cost includes the cost of roughage (green grass and straw), concentrates (wheat bran, rice polish, pulse bran, oil cakes, common salt, molasses, vitamin and mineral premix, etc.), labor (unpaid family labor also priced at the existing market wage rate), prevention and treatment (deworming and vaccinations, and medicine, respectively) and AI. The return from dairy farming was calculated in terms of gross return and net return. Gross return of dairy farming was considered as the sum of income from selling milk, cow dung, calves, and empty gunny bags. Information on return from milk sales is collected on a daily basis and then converted to a liter per cow per month and year. The net profit margin was calculated by deducting the total cost of production from gross return and then calculated on per farm and per cow basis. In addition, the benefit-cost ratio was also calculated by dividing the total return by the total cost. It is a relative measure that is to be used to compare the benefit of the per-unit cost of production. Estimation of cost, income and losses from repeat breeding cow- The calculations of yearly unavailable income of repeat breeder (RB) cows were considered alike income of healthy breedable lactating dairy cows. Yearly losses of high yielding RB cows were the sum of the total rearing cost of the cow and total unavailable income of the RB cows. For calculating life losses of RB cows and farms, firstly calculated the yearly losses for RBC and then calculated yearly losses of farm-based on RB cows present per farm. Here, the life of cow means their average productive life which estimated from the average productive life of a cow which is considered eight years (Cooper, 1909). In this study, all the losses in the life of cows and farms were calculated in eight years of productive life. Statistical analysis- The collected data were compiled, tabulated and analyzed based on the objectives of the study following one-way ANOVA with descriptive statistics by SPSS version-16 (SPSS Inc. Chicago, USA). Tukey’s HSD test was also used to determine the significance of differences among the district means.
Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2019. 48 (2): 145-154
Journal