Agricultural Research Management Information System

Home
Research Summary
Search
About Us
- ARMIS
- Brochure
Contact Us
Report
User Request
Data Input
Help
- Operation Manual
  - PDF
  - Video
- Program Area & Commodity
We have reached 37600 number of research entries at this moment.

- Logout

Research Detail

Home
Research
Detail

Screening Rice Germplasm Against Sheath Blight Disease of Rice and Its Integrated Management in Bangladesh

S Parveen
Senior Scientific Officer, Training Division, BRRI, Gazipur 1701

MA Ali
Professor, Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, BAU, Mymensingh

MA Ali
Director (Administration and Common Service), BRRI, Gazipur 1701

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Fifty-seven rice germplasm collected from BRRI Genebank were screened against sheath blight (ShB) by artificial inoculation in field and laboratory conditions in T. Aman 2012. Significant differences on relation to lesion height (RLH) among the germplasm were observed, where the highest (83%) was recorded in susceptible check, BR11 and the lowest (8.33%) was in Orgoja. Severity score of ShB was recorded maximum (9) in Dudhsail, Basi, Chaula mari, Holdemota, Calendamota, Semmua, Kotijira, Halisail, Horakani, Kalisura, Ashfuli, Huglapata and BR11 as highly susceptible to ShB, whereas it was minimum (1) in Orgoja. Gopal ghosh was observed as moderately tolerant with 27.33% RLH and severity score 3, while Kala binni, Khazur chari, Binni, Kalagora, Patjait and Dorkumur found moderately tolerant with severity score 5. In detached sheath inoculation method in test tube, most of the germplasm found highly susceptible, except Orgoja as resistant and Gopal ghosh as moderately tolerant. However, Orgoja showed resistance in both field inoculation and detached sheath inoculation methods. But, Dorkumur was found moderately tolerant in field and highly susceptible in detached sheath inoculation in laboratory. The experiment of Integrated Disease Management (IDM) packages was conducted in the farmer’s field with BR11 at Fulpur, Mymensingh during T. Aman 2013. The IDM practices of rice ShB resulted profound effect. Relative lesion height, percent disease index, tiller infection and hill infection were maximum (68%, 69%, 86% and 79% respectively) in T₆ (control) and minimum in T₁ [FDR (removal of floating debris) + 30 July transplanting + Potash (K) fertilizer (202 g decimal^-1) + Top dressing of urea (247 kg ha^-1) in four equal splits at 15 days interval + single spray of fungicides of Azoxystrobin 10% (0.17 kg ha^-1) + Tebuconazole 90% (500 ml ha^-1)]. Moreover, the highest number of panicles per m², filled grains per panicle and grains yield were recorded in T₁ (160, 150 and 6.25 t ha^-1 respectively) and the minimum in T₆ (227, 120 and 3.6 t ha^-1 respectively). Therefore, the best IDM package was T₁ for its effective control of ShB disease as well as yield maximization of rice. Finally, Orgoja could be used in resistance breeding for varietal improvement and the IDM package of T₁ need to be recommended to prescribe in the farmer’s field after simulation in different AEZs and seasons with different varieties of Bangladesh.

Keywords: Germplasm, Resistance, Integrated management, Sheath blight, Rice

Location: Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2012

End Date: 00-00-2012

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases, Rice

Objectives:

The present study was under taken to screen germplasm for their reaction to ShB and to develop an integrated management practice for controlling ShB of rice in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Screening of rice germplasm against ShB of rice- Rice germplasm. A total of 57 rice germplasm collected from BRRI Genebank were screened against ShB disease of rice in the field through hill inoculation method. Field experiment. The experiment was conducted at the experiment field of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur during T. Aman 2012. A levee was made surrounding plots to maintain standing water up to 5.0 cm inside. Land was prepared 15 days before transplanting/seedling. Ploughing and cross ploughing followed by laddering was done by power tiller. Weeds were cleaned manually. The seedlings of the tested germplasms were raised in plastic tray in the Plant Pathology net house. Thirty-day-old 2-3 seedlings per hill were transplanted with a spacing of 20 cm × 15 cm. Fertilizers were applied @ 405: 150: 202: 135: 10 g decimal-1 of urea, TSP, MOP, gypsum and zinc sulphate. All fertilizers were applied in basal, except urea (Anonymous, 2010). For agronomic, weed management, irrigation and drainage and insect management current standard recommendations were followed (Anonymous, 2007). Preparation of inoculum. One hundred PDA plates in glass petridishes were prepared following the standard procedure. The fungus (Rhizoctonia solani) was grown in the petridishes containing PDA medium and incubated for seven days at room temperature (25 to 30°C) for growth and development of the pathogen. Inoculation of pathogen. Inoculations were done at maximum tillering stage (Bhaktavatsalam et al., 1978). Two methods of inoculation were employed for inoculation of germplasm by Rhizoctonia solani. After seven days of inoculation lesion length and leaf sheath length were measured and calculated. The methods were as follows: Hill inoculation-Total hill were inoculated with Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn culture (7 days) grown on PDA medium. Prior to inoculation, eight hills were tagged randomly in the central area of each plot in the field for inoculation. Inoculation was done by inserting a piece of culture medium (cutting the culture medium into eight pieces) at the middle of each hill in the afternoon, colonized by the ShB pathogen in a tagged rice hill and maintained standing water onward of the crop growth to maintained high moisture below canopy level for disease development (Sharma and Teng, 1990). Detached sheath inoculation-Detached sheath was inoculated in moist test tube. In detached sheath inoculation method, one tiller from each entry was taken i.e. three tillers for three replications. Tillers were cut in such a way that leaf sheath did not separate from stem or remain in contact with stem and uniform in size. Water soaked cotton was placed at the bottom of the test tube and then placed 6-9 mm mycelial block (growing pathogen) inside the sheath. The test tube was then plugged with soaked cotton. Data recording. The disease severity was recorded from the data collected from 25 hills in each replication of each treatment. Severity was calculated by relative lesion height (RLH) (McKinney, 1923). Data were recorded for each treatment following standard evaluation system (SES) for rice in 0-9 scale (Anonymous, 1996). Data of the lesion height, plant height, 1000 grain weight and grain yield (g hill^-1) were also recorded. In detached sheath inoculation method, ShB severity was measured by RLH using the following formula- RLH = Lesion height (cm)/Leaf sheath height (cm) × 100. Field experiment. The experiment was conducted in the farmer’s field with BR11 at Fulpur, Mymensingh during T. Aman 2013. Plant to plant spacing was 15 cm and row to row distance was 16 cm. Randomized RCBD was used with four replications. Plot size was 2.5 m × 4 m. Plot to plot distance was 0.5 m and block to block distance was 1 m. The best options obtained from the results of different experiments (Parveen, 2016) were included into integrated disease management (IDM) packages and were simulated in the field. The treatments used in this study were shown below: T₁=FDR (removal of floating debris) + 30 July planting + Potash (K) fertilizer (202 g decimal^-1) + Top dressing of urea (247 kg ha^-1) in four equal splits at 15 days interval + single spray of fungicide [Azoxystrobin 10% (0.17 kg ha^-1) + Tebuconazole 90% (500 ml ha^-1)]. T₂= 30 July planting + K-dose + top dressing of urea in four equal splits at 15 days interval + single spray of fungicide. T₃= K-dose + top dressing of urea in four equal splits at 15 days interval + single spray of fungicide. T₄= Top dressing of urea in four equal splits at 15 days interval + single spray of fungicide. T₅= Single spray of fungicide. T₆= Control. Data collection. Twenty-five hills were selected at random from each experimental unit. Number of infected tillers and hills were counted. Incidence was recorded by tiller infection and expressed in percentage, while severity by relative lesion height (RLH) and percent disease index (PDI) (McKinney, 1923). Data were recorded for each treatment following standard evaluation system (SES) for rice in 0-9 scale (Anonymous, 1996). Data on total tiller, infected tiller, plant height, panicle per m2, filled grain, unfilled grain, 1000 grain weight (TGW) and grain yield were also recorded. PDI was measured by using the following formula- PDI = Total rating/ No. of observation × Maximum grade × 100. Statistical analysis. The data were subjected to statistical analysis and ANOVA (analysis of variance) were constructed following RCBD by SPSS 2.05 programme for both the experiments. The treatment means were compared by LSD test at probability level P=0.05.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Rice j. 2018, 22(2): 1-12

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/brj.v22i2.44047

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

ShB of rice is considered as one of the major constraints of rice production in Bangladesh. Almost all HYVs and hybrid varieties are susceptible to the disease. Method for controlling the disease is an urgent need. Among the 57 germplasm, the local cultivar Orgoja (acc. no. 5310) showed resistance to ShB in both hill inoculation in field and detached sheath inoculation in test tube, which could be used in resistance breeding for varietal improvement programme of rice. On the other hand, the best integrated disease management (IDM) package was T₁ which included removal of floating debris, transplanting on 30 July, potash (K) fertilizer (202 g decimal^-1), top dressing of urea (247 kg ha^-1) in four equal splits at 15 days interval and single spray of Azoxystrobin (10%) + Tebuconazole (90%) combination. Because, ShB was very low and grain yield was high in the plots where T₁ package was applied. Therefore, it can be concluded that the IDM package (T₁) though highly effective to control ShB of rice, but the result needs validation in the farmer’s field in different seasons with different rice varieties across the different AEZs of Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal