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Effectiveness of Beauveria Bassiana and Three Selected Botanicals on Controlling Idioscopus Clypealis and Increasing Mango Fruit Set and Fruit Retention

Md. Sohanur Rahman
Pest Management Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh

Mahbuba Jahan
Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Md. Arifur Rahman
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was carried out to study the effects of a microbial pesticides (Beauveria bassiana) and three botanicals (Neem, Mahogany and Karanja oils) for the management of mango hopper (Idioscopus clypealis) to increase the fruit set and retention of mango. The experiment was conducted at Aqua, Mymensingh, Bangladesh following randomized complete block design (RCBD). Each of the botanicals and microbial pesticides was used with 3 different doses (1%, 2% and 3%). The observation on fruit set after pesticides application showed that the highest percentage of fruit setting was found in 1% Beauveria bassiana (8.33%) that was statistically similar to 2% Beauveria bassiana and the lowest number of fruit setting (3.6%) was found in 1% Mahogany oil. Among the botanicals, 3% neem oil (11.46%) had better performance on fruit setting. Observation on fruit retention after pesticides application showed that the percentage of fruit retention was maximum (10.50%) in 1% Beauveria bassiana and the lowest (4.86%) was found in 1% Mahogany oil. Among botanicals, 3% neem oil (8.07%) had better performance on fruit retention. Overall results suggested that Beauveria bassiana as a microbial pesticide performed better than botanicals for the mango fruit set and retention and it can be used as a promising microbial pesticide to ensure the quality mango production.

Keywords: Fruit set, Fruit retention, Mango hopper, Microbial Pesticide, Botanicals

Location: Old Brahmaputra Floodplain (AEZ-9) area, greater Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-02-2014

End Date: 00-04-2015

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Mango

Objectives:

To determine the Effectiveness of Beauveria bassiana and three selected botanicals on controlling Idioscopus clypealis and increasing mango fruit set and fruit retention

Methodology:

Geographically the experimental field was located at 24.75° N latitude and 90.50° E longitudes at an average height of 18 m above the mean of sea level. The experimental site belongs to the Old Brahmaputra Floodplain (AEZ-9). The region occupies a large area of Brahmaputra sediments, which are laid down before the river shifted into its present Jamuna channel 2 years ago (UNDP and FAO, 1988). Morphological characteristics of the soil of the experimental site have been presented. Non-calcareous dark-grey, floodplain soils are generally predominant in the site. The land was medium high and the soil was silty-loam and well drained and its general fertility level was low. The soil of the experimental field was more or less neutral in nature, low in organic matter content. The experimental area was characterized by moderately low temperature, low humidity and scanty rainfall during the February 2014 –April 2015. Botanical pesticides were collected from IPM Laboratory of Entomology Department, BAU, Mymensingh. A microbial pesticide (Beauveria bassiana) was collected from Ispahani Biotech. Company in Bolaspur, Mymensingh. Commercial formulation of Beauveria bassiana was used to conduct the experiment. To conduct experiments six mango trees were selected in Aqua, Mymensingh. The variety of the mango was Amrapali which is a mango hybrid (Dashehari × Neelum) and gaining popularity for its dwarf stature and regular bearing in nature. The experiment was conducted in the Aqua, Mymensingh during February 2014– April 2015. Standing mango trees were selected to conduct this experiment. The layout of experiment was designed in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications (1 plant was used as a unit per replication), where only two factors were considered the number of flowers and the number of fruit set. Three botanicals and one microbial pesticide each with 3 different doses were evaluated for their efficacy. The used botanical pesticides were neem oil, mahogoni oil and Karanja oil with the dose of 1%, 2% and 3% for each pesticide. The used microbial pesticide was Beauveria bassiana with the dose of 1%, 2% and 3%. Pesticides were sprayed two times: first spraying was done within 10 days of flowering when the flower buds were not opened and the second spraying was done after one month of the first application when the mango fruit was as pea shaped. With the help of hand sprayer pesticides were sprayed to the selected inflorescence only and all the necessary precautionary measures were taken during the application of pesticides. The percent reduction of infestation over control was estimated with the following equation: % reduction of infestation = (Difference of infestation of control and treatment) / (Infestation in control) x 100. The percentage of fruit set was calculated from the number of bloomed flowers and number of fertilized flowers using the following formula: Percentage of fruit set = No. of fertilized flowers/No. of bloomed flowers × 100. The above observations were made on 7, 30 and 45 days after flowering. Obtained data were analyzed statistically after appropriate transformation using analytical computer software MSTAT and mean values were separated using DMRT.

Source of Information: J Bangladesh Agril Univ 18(2): 367–372, 2020

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.5455/JBAU.75456

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

This experiment revealed that microbial pesticide (Beauveria bassiana) had better performance on fruit setting than botanicals. Among botanicals 3% neem oil (11.46%) had better performance on fruit setting that was statistically similar to 3% Karanja oil (11.38%) and the lowest no. of fruit setting was found in 1% Mahogany oil (7.45%). Percentage of fruit retention was maximum in Beauveria bassiana 1% (10.50%) and lowest percentage was found in mahogoni oil 1% (4.86%). Among botanicals neem oil 3% (8.07%) had better performance on fruit retention that was statistically similar to Mahogany oil 3% and Karanja oil 3%. To tell in a nut shard, microbial pesticide (Beauveria bassiana) had better performance in controlling mango hopper, increasing fruit setting and ultimately resulting higher yield than botanicals.

Knowledge Management: Journal