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Effect of Spacing and Rhizobium Inoculum on the Yield and Quality of Faba Bean (vicia Faba L.)

Md. Abdul Kader Sheikh
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Swapan Kumar Paul
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to evaluate the effect of spacing and Rhizobium inoculum level on the yield and quality of faba bean. The experiment comprised of four spacings viz., 30 cm × 30 cm, 30 cm × 25 cm, 30 cm × 20 cm and 30 cm × 15 cm, and four levels of Rhizobium inoculum viz., 0, 40, 80 and 120 g kg^-1seed. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. It was observed that the highest seed yield (1.23 t ha^-1) was recorded at spacing 30 cm × 20 cm which was as good as the yield (1.14 t ha^-1) at 30 cm × 15 cm spacing. The highest crude fat (3.16%) and ash (4.79%) were recorded at spacing 30 cm × 20 cm while the highest crude protein (33.62%) and fibre (15.49%) were recorded at 30 cm × 25 cm and 30 cm × 30 cm spacing, respectively. In case of Rhizobium inoculum, the highest seed yield (1.04 t ha^-1) and stover yield (1.75 t ha^-1) were obtained in Rhizobium inoculum 80 g kg-1 seed. The highest crude protein (33.54%) and crude fat (2.82%) were recorded at Rhizobium inoculum 120 g kg^-1 seed while the highest ash (4.88%) and fibre (15.28%) was recorded at Rhizobium inoculum 80 g kg^-1 and Rhizobium inoculum 40 g kg^-1 seed, respectively. In case of interaction, the highest seed yield (1.46 t ha^-1) and stover yield (2.53 t ha^-1) were obtained at 30 cm × 20 cm spacing with Rhizobium inoculum 80 g kg^-1 seed. The highest amount of protein (35.73%) and ash (5.63%) were found at 30 cm × 25 cm spacing with Rhizobium inoculum 80 g kg^-1 seed while the highest crude fat (4.48%) and fibre (18.04%) were recorded at 30 cm × 20 cm spacing with Rhizobium inoculum 120 g kg^-1 seed and spacing 30 cm × 30 cm with control treatment of Rhizobium, respectively. Based on these results it can be concluded that spacing 30 cm × 20 cm coupled with Rhizobium inoculum 80 g kg^-1 seed appears as the promising combination in respect of seed yield of faba bean.

Keywords: Spacing, Yield, Quality, Rhizobium inoculum

Location: Agronomy Field laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Faba bean

Objectives:

To find out the optimum plant spacing and check the effectiveness of one available Rhizobium strains for faba bean.

Methodology:

Experimental site: The research work was conducted at the Agronomy Field laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh located at 24.750 N latitude and 90.500 E longitude at an altitude of 18m. The soil belongs to the Old Brahmaputra Alluvium Soil under Agro-ecological Zone 9 (AEZ-9). The experimental field was a medium high land with silt loam texture with pH 6.81. Experimentation and crop husbandry: The experiment comprised of four spacing viz., 30 cm × 30 cm, 30 cm × 25 cm, 30 cm × 20 cm and 30 cm × 15 cm, and four levels of Rhizobium inoculum viz., 0, 40, 80 and 120 g kg^-1 seed. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Each replication had 16 unit plots to which the treatment combinations were assigned at random. The unit plot size was 2.5 m × 2.0 m. Faba bean seeds were collected from Dhamrai, Savar upazilla, Dhaka district. Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae strain (Host: lentil) from BINA was used. The experimental land was opened with a power tiller on 20 October 2017. Ploughing and cross ploughing were done with country plough followed by laddering. Land preparation was completed on 5 November and was ready for sowing seeds. TSP, MoP and Gypsum were applied at final land preparation at the rate of 60, 50 and 45 kg ha^-1, respectively. Seeds were taken in three medium size pots and then the required rate of Rhizobium inoculum was mixed with the seed where molasses was used as additive. Seeds were sown maintaining selected spacing with two seeds per hole on 14 November 2017. Weeding was done twice at 20 days after sowing (DAS) and 40 DAS. Thinning was done during first weeding. Some plants were invaded by rust that was successfully controlled by spraying Hemoxy 50WP fungicide. Harvesting and data collection: At the time when 80% of the pods turned brown color, the crop was assessed to attain maturity. The crop was harvested at 105 DAS from prefixed 1.0 m × 1.0 m area in each plot, respectively. Before harvesting five plants were selected randomly from each plot excluding border rows and central 1.0 m × 1.0 m area and uprooted for data recording. The harvested crop was bundled plot-wise, tagged and brought to the threshing floor and sun dried for 3 days. Seeds were separated from the plants by beating the bundles with bamboo sticks. Manually the seeds of the pods were separated from the plants of 1 m^-2 area were sun dried to a constant weight. Plants of whole individual plot were collected and sun dried. Then weight was taken in an electrical balance, and the yield was converted to ton ha^-1. Harvest index was calculated using the following formula: Harvest index (%) = (Seed yield) / (Seed yield Stover yield) x 100. Chemical analysis: The crude protein (Kjeldahl N × 6.25), crude fat (solvent extraction), crude fibre and ash were analyzed following standard method (AOAC, 2000; Mortuza et al., 2009). Statistical analysis: The collected data were analyzed statistically using the ‘Analysis of Variance’ technique with the help of computer package M-STAT and mean differences were adjudged by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: J Bangladesh Agril Univ 18(2): 245–251, 2020

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.5455/JBAU.91870

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The highest seed yield, seed crude fat and ash were recorded at spacing 30 cm × 20 cm while the highest seed crude protein and seed fibre were recorded at 30 cm × 25 cm and 30 cm × 30 cm spacing, respectively. In case of Rhizobium inoculum, the highest seed yield and stover yield were obtained in Rhizobium inoculum 80 g kg^-1 seed. The highest seed crude protein, crude fat and ash were recorded at Rhizobium inoculum 120 g kg^-1 seed while the highest seed fibre was recorded at Rhizobium inoculum 40 g kg^-1 seed. In case of interaction, the highest seed yield and stover yield were obtained at 30 cm × 20 cm spacing combined with Rhizobium inoculum 80 g kg^-1 seed while the highest protein and ash were found at 30 cm × 25 cm spacing combined with Rhizobium inoculum 80 g kg^-1 seed whereas the highest crude fat and fibre were recorded at 30 cm × 20 cm spacing with Rhizobium inoculum 120 g kg^-1 seed and spacing 30 cm × 30 cm with control treatment of Rhizobium, respectively. Based on the findings of the study it can be concluded that spacing 30 cm × 20 cm coupled with Rhizobium inoculum 80 g kg^-1 seed appears as the promising combination in respect of seed yield of faba bean.

Knowledge Management: Journal