ABDULL MANAN MAT JAIS
Corresponding author:
Abmanan Biomedical Sdn bhd, 38, Arked MARA Kajang, Jalan Reko, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
AHMAD KHUSAIRI AZEMI
Abmanan Biomedical Sdn bhd, 38, Arked MARA Kajang, Jalan Reko, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
MOHAMMAD HAFIZ ABDUL RAHIM
Abmanan Biomedical Sdn bhd, 38, Arked MARA Kajang, Jalan Reko, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
SADEGH ABEDI
Abmanan Biomedical Sdn bhd, 38, Arked MARA Kajang, Jalan Reko, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
IRMA IZANI MOHAMAD ISA
Abmanan Biomedical Sdn bhd, 38, Arked MARA Kajang, Jalan Reko, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
MEERA KUPPUSAMY
Faculty of Medicine, UiTM Selayang Campus, Jalan Prima Selayang, Selangor, Malaysia
TARITA TAIB
Abmanan Biomedical Sdn bhd, 38, Arked MARA Kajang, Jalan Reko, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
M. AMINUR RAHMAN
Dept.of Fish. & Marine Bioscience, Jashore University of Science & Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
Snakehead, Channa striata, Biomedical products, Nutraceuticals
Animal Health and Management
Distribution: A traditional, conventional questionnaire-based field survey was done for gathering as much biological information on the species. We visited almost every possible location in both West (Semenanjung Tanah Melayu (STM) or Peninsular Malaysia) and East Malaysia (Sabah and Sarawak) in Borneo. This was performed with help of local guidance especially villagers, farmers, fishermen, fish-sellers, anglers and staff of the Department of Fisheries; and five main research stations were selected (three in Peninsular and one each in Sabah and Sarawak) throughout Malaysia. Wild Haruan was fished in each visited location to reconfirm existence, and external morphology examination was carried out. If necessary, a thorough examination was carried out in the laboratory as not to be mistaken with a closely look-alike Haruan Hitam or Black-Haruan C melanosoma. External morphology of Haruan C. striatawas illustrated (Azis 1988, Azemi 2012, Mat Jais 2007a) Environmental physiology: Physical measurement of the water where wild Haruans were caught was analysed using HORIBA U-10 Water Quality Checker on depth, temperature, pH, turbidity, conductivity and Dissolve-Oxygen (DO). At the same-time observation in natural-habitat were made on feeding habits, reproduction and parental care. A total of 120 specimens of wild Haruan were collected from sampling stations in Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Pahang, Perak and Terengganu (Hafiz et al. 2009)Genetic markers: Five adults wild Haruan caught in three research stations in STM or West Malaysia were analysed based on Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP), to distinguish individuals, populations or species of Haruan C. striata in Malaysia (Kajima et al. 1994, Ahmad Khusairi 2012). It was followed by analysis of mtDNA cyt b using PCR - RFLP technique involving 120 fishes, investigating genetic variation of C. striata among populations in Peninsular Malaysia (Abdul Rahim et al. 2012) Biochemistry: Fresh midline fillet of Haruan was homogenised in chloroform:methanol 2:1 v/v and the aqueous portion was siphoned as stock. First, 2 ml aliquot of this stock was placed in 5,000, 10,000 and 30,000 NMWL (Nominal Molecule Weight Limit), Millipore Ultra free-CL low binding cellulose filter; centrifuged for 10 min at 5,000 rpm. Series of 0, 25, 50 and 100 % of the 30,000 NMWL filtered samples were prepared in distilled water for the constriction test, followed by 5, 10 and 25 % of the 10,000 and 5,000 NMWL samples, determining molecular size which was responsible for antino-ciceptive. Subsequently, 1 ml of the non-filtered, 5,000 and 10,000 NMWL filtered samples was purified through an analytical column with multiple injections and collection of material Hewlett Packard HPLC at 1 mL min–1, 205 nm, 5% CH3OH/H2O for 20 min followed by 100% CH3OH. The fraction collected between 1 - 3 min was dried under vacuum yielding 30 mg of extracts, reconstituted in distilled water to a concentration of 0.0005, 0.005, 0.05 and 0.5 mg mL–1 in distilled water and used in abdominal constriction test in mice according to method described by Mat Jais et al. (1997) Animal model: This was to identify properties of Haruan Cream (HC) containing 5% Haruan’s extract, Haruan Manan (HM). It is a natural product on myeloperoxidase enzyme as a marker of polymorphonuclears accumulation. Anti-inflammatory activity of the HC (at doses 1, 5 and 10%) on ear thickness and myeloperoxidase activity (the two acute inflammation indexes) were studied using croton oil induced ear-oedema method. It was comparied with effects of hydrocortisone 1 % cream as reference drug (Sadegh Abedi et al. 2012) five mice in each six groups Male ICR were subjected to three HC treatment groups, (HM 1 %, 5 % and 10 %) to analyse effects, together with acetone (a vehicle), TPA alone (a negative control), and hydrocortisone 1 % (positive control). Both surfaces of mouse ears were briefly applied with TPA (2.5 μg/20 μl acetone) for five times on alternate days, HC or hydrocortisone 1 % cream for the last three days. Mouse-ear thickness was measured 24 h after final treatment with HC and cut for further histological analysis and gene expression studies of TNF-α by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) (Izani et al. 2016)Human model: A double-blind randomized trial was conducted based on European Task Force on Atopic Dermatitis (ETFAD), the SCORAD INDEX evaluating safety of the HC (Phase 1) and effectiveness (Phase 2). Phase 1: evaluation on safety of HC for topical application was done on 83 healthy skin adolescent volunteers who fulfilled the inclusion criteria; to undergo patch testing. The allergens, aqueous and HC containing 5% of HM, were patch-tested simultaneously but separately on each arm of the same participant. The participants with a negative patch-test started stage 2, applied randomly assigned creams on both forearms for a duration of 1 month. Phase 2: Determination on the effectiveness of the HC involved 180 (145 females, 35 males), aged 16 to 30 years (mean 23.49 years±3.52) with mild to moderate Atopic Eczema (AE). They were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either two treatments HC 5 % cream or Betamethasone Valerate Cream (BVC) 0.025 % as a positive control, for four weeks with a cross-over. Every patient was subjected to Scoring atopic dermatitis (SCORAD), eczema area severity index (EASI) and Dermatology quality of life index (DLQI) were assessed at baseline and two weekly for others except DLQI (four-weekly interval).
Bangladesh J. Fish. (2020) 32(1) (Supplement) : 163-172
Journal