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Livelihood Assets of Sidr Affected Farmers of Bagerhat District in Bangladesh

RC Ghosh
Upazila Krishi Officer, Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE), Ministry of Agriculture, Bangladesh

SR Ghosh*
Scientific Officer, Entomology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh

SC Sarker
Assistantant Comissioner (Land) Department of Public Administration, Dhaka, Bangladesh

SK Debsharma
Scientific Officer, PBD, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

People of Bangladesh are vulnerable to disasters and have suffered repeatedly due to floods and storm surges, On 15 November 2007,a cyclone sidr struck coastal and central areas of Bangladesh and caused severe suffering to the affected people. The study was conducted with sidr affected farmers of Mollarhat Upazila of Bagerhat district to determine the extent of the problems they faced regarding lack of dwelling house, unhygienic drinking water, outbreak of diarrhoea, cholera, insufficient relief and increased salinity intension etc by the farmers to mitigate the hazardous effects of sidr on their farming systems. One hundred farmers were selected randomly for data collection through pretested interview schedule during March to April 2009. Extent of livelihood assets of the sidr affected farmers was the dependent variable of the study and their selected eight characteristics constituted the independent variables. Most of the farmers (60%) had medium livelihood assets while 20 and 14% of them had weak and strong capacity, respectively. They had the highest livelihood assets regarding natural capital and lowest capacity regarding financial capital. Effective support and long term planning from the GO and NGOs are desirable to overcome the vulnerable situation of the sidr affected farmers.

Keywords: Disasters, Capital, Households, Dependent and independent variables.

Location: Mollahat upazila of Bagerhat district

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Non-commodity: Livelihood

Objectives:

a) To find out the livelihood assets of sidr affected farmers in Bangladesh. b) To explore the association between the selected characteristics of the farmers and their livelihood assets. The selected characteristics were: Age, Education, Family size, Family dependency,Farm size,Annual family income,Extension media contact,Livestock and poultry possession. c) To determine the problems faced by farmers to mitigate the hazardous effects of sidr on their farming systems.

Methodology:

Methodological issues followed in conducting the study have been presented in this Chapter. Those issues are the foundation on which the research process rests upon. The methods and operational procedures followed in conducting the study e.g. selection of study area, sampling procedure, instrumentation, operationalization of variables, collection of data, measurement of the variables and statistical treatments. This Chapter also spells out the methods used, all are presented sequentially. Locale of the Study The study area was selected in Mollahat upazila of Bagerhat district which were severely affected ones. Majority of the population of that area were functionally affected by sidr and led their livelihoods with misery and hardship. Their livelihoods were vulnerable to stresses and shocks and they drive to find the way to escape out. Mollahat Upazila with an area of 187.44 sq km has a population of 116729. It consists of 8 union parishads and 102 villages. Population and Sample Sidr affected people of the selected villages were the population of the study. Selection of sample was done with proportionate random sampling method, thus, 100 households were selected randomly from 996 households of the selected villages. From each of the selected households, interview was conducted with one family member. The distribution of sampled households is shown in Table 1. Thus, sample size stood 100 which was 10 percent of the total households of the selected villages. Livelihood condition of sidr affected farmers in bagerhat districts 81 Instrument of Data Collection In order to collect relevant data for the study, a structured interview schedule was carefully prepared keeping the objectives in mind. The questions and statements contained in the schedule were simple, direct and easily understandable to the respondents. The schedule contained both open and closed form of questions. Measuring Procedures This section contains procedures for measurement of independent variable (age, education, family size, family dependency ratio, farm size, family income, extension media contact, livestock and poultry possession) and dependent variable livelihood assets of sidr affected farmers. Measurement of Problems Faced by the Farmers Problems faced by the farmers to mitigate the hazardous effects of sidr on their farming system were identified through open type questions. Initially, various issues of sidr were critically discussed with the respondents. Then they were asked to mention the problems they actually faced to mitigate the hazardous effect of sidr on their farming system. The identified problems were noted down in the interview schedule. Statement of Hypothesis The characteristic profile of sidr affected farmers is related to their livelihood assets. The research hypothesis was converted into null form for the purpose of statistical testing. The following major null hypothesis was developed: H0: There is no relationship between selected characteristics of the sidr affected farmers and their livelihood assets. Data Collection Procedure The researcher himself collected data through face to face interview from sample respondents using the interview schedule during March to April 2009. Before starting the collection of data, the researcher approached the Sub Assistant Agriculture Officer (SAAO) of the block of the study area. The researcher also discussed the objectives of the present study with BRAC and Grameen Bank personnel working in the study area and also sought help from local leaders. Data Processing and Analysis The collected data were complied, coded and tabulated according to the objectives of the study. In this process, all the responses in the interview schedule were given numerical code and were transferred to a master sheet to facilitate tabulation. The respondent were classified into several catagories for clear and easy description of different variables.

Source of Information: J. Sylhet Agril. Univ. 5(1):79 - 85, 2018 ISSN: 2308-1597

Article Link (Online Journal): www.jsau.com.bd

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Lack of dwelling house, unhygienic drinking water, outbreak of diarrhoea, cholera etc., insufficient relief and increased salinity of soil were the major problems faced by the farmer to mitigate the hazardous effect of sidr. These problems are the main foci of any program for the betterment of the farming systems of the Sidr affected farmers. Score for livelihood assets of the Sidr affected farmers ranged from 23 to 51 against a possible range of 0 to 78. The average livelihood assets were 36.13. Most(66%) of the respondents were in medium livelihood assets category while 20 and 14% of them were in low and high categories respectively. Most of the sidr affected farmers had low to medium level of livelihood assets. Livelihood assets of the respondents regarding human and natural capital was medium to high but this was low to medium in case of financial, social and physical capital.

Knowledge Management: Journal