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Effect of Urea Molasses Straw on Beef Cattle Fattening and Income Generation of Small Scale Farmers in Haor Areas

MAB Siddique*
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

M Khan
Former Research Associate (Livestock), Farm Productivity Improvement in Haor Areas through Integrated Farming Systems Approach Project, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

S Roy
Research Associate (Livestock), Farm Productivity Improvement in Haor Areas through Integrated Farming Systems Approach Project, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

MA Kashem
Department of Soil Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Beef cattle fattening is a potential income generating enterprise for the small scale farmers’ in haor areas. Thus, the experiment was conducted with the aim to observe the effect of urea molasses straw for fattening bull and contribution to the income generation for small scale farmers in haor areas. The experiment was conducted at the Noagaon village under South Sunamganj Upazila of Sunamganj district from January to April 2017. Ten farmers were selected for rearing and each farmer reared one bull (2-3 years old) for fattening. Two groups of animals, treatment group treated with Urea Molasses Straw (UMS) in diet and control group without UMS supplementation, were laid out with five replications in each group. Data on body weight gain and profitability data were collected and analyzed as Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Feeding of urea molasses straw with the dietary feed had shown a positive effect on weight gain. After the end of the experimental period, mean body weight gain (g day-1animal-1) for the treatment and control group were measured as 496.41 and 236.62 g, respectively. The body weight gains of these both feeding groups were insignificant during the first fifteenth days of the experimental period, however, the difference was significant (p<0.05) for the rest of the experimental period. Moreover, higher gross margin was found in the treatment group (Tk. 14,310) than the control group (Tk. 3,810). Therefore, a significant growth performance with a profitable income for the small scale farmers’ of haor areas might be promising from beef cattle fattening by dietary urea molasses straw treatment.

Keywords: Bangladesh, Body weight, Profitability, Dietary, Farmers

Location: Sunamganj Upazila of Sunamganj district

Start Date: 00-01-2017

End Date: 00-04-2017

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Non-commodity: Income generation

Objectives:

The experiment was conducted with the aim to observe body weight gain of the indigenous bulls by UMS in diet and profitability analysis of beef cattle fattening in small scale farmers in haor areas.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Noagaon village under South Sunamganj Upazila of Sunamganj district during the period from January to April 2017. There were two groups, treatment group treated with Urea Molasses Straw (UMS) and control group without treated with UMS. The experiment was laid out in CRD with five replications in each group. Ten farmers were selected in the village and each farmer reared one bull for fattening. Age of all the bulls was about 2-3 years. During the experimental period, there was no suspected disease condition developed to the experimental animals. Body weight gains were recorded at 2 weeks interval. All the parameter for economic analysis and statistical analysis were carefully taken. Body weight was measured by the heart-girth method using the following formula:Weight of bull (lb) = (L× G2)/300. Where,G for heart girth and L for the body length from the shoulder point to point of buttock. The factor 0.4536 was multiplied to convert these pounds into kilogram. Preparation of urea molasses straw (UMS) The required amount of urea (3%), molasses (15%) and straw (82%) were weighed out separately. A polythene sheet was spread on the ground and a small amount of chopped straw was spread on the sheet. Urea was dissolved with water (half of the weight of straw) and molasses was added and mixed thoroughly. Urea molasses solution was sprayed over the straw and mixed properly by hand, left for drying and then preserved and fed to the animals within a week (Rahman et al., 2009). Feeding and water supply of experimental bull During the experimental period, there was a sufficient amount of green grass available in the field. So the main source of feed for the cattle was pasture land. In addition, urea treated straw was supplied to the treatment group for the better digestibility of feed. The urea treated straw was divided into two halves; one half provided at morning and the rest half in the evening and maximum of two kg urea treated straw was supplied for each bull per day. All the experimental animals fed almost the same feeding bases on their treatment and control strategies. It was also mentioned that maximum doses of urea were not more than 50 g per day. The experimental bulls were fed in the following way: UMS group: Urea-molasses treated straw + rice straw (ad-libitum) + green grass (ad-libitum), Control group: rice straw (ad-libitum) + green grass (ad-libitum). Fresh and clean water were provided alltimein ad-libitum. Vaccination and deworming of the experimental animals Vaccines were provided against Foot and Mouth disease, Anthrax and Black Quarter to the experimental animals subcutaneously at 6 ml, 1 ml and 5 ml doses respectively. Vaccines were collected from District Livestock Office manufacturing by Livestock Research Institute (LRI) at Mohakhali Dhaka. Proper cooling temperature (4⁰C to 8⁰C) was maintained during transportation and preservation. One week interval of each particular vaccine was given to avoid antigenic competition of different vaccines to the experimental animals. Deworming medicine, a combination of Triclabendazole and Levamisoleat 10 mg kg^-¹ body weight were administered orally and repeated after fourteen days interval. Statistical Analysis Data on body weight gain and profitability were analyzed by Completely Randomized design (CRD).

Source of Information: J. Sylhet Agril. Univ. 5(1): 1 -5, 2018 ISSN: 2308-1597

Article Link (Online Journal): www.jsau.com.bd

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Total expenditure and gross return were calculated. The total expenditure was included as the cost of initial price of the animal, feed, vaccination, and other management. The gross return included mostly the sale price of animals. The total variable cost was Tk. 34,190 in UMS feeding group and Tk. 33,690 in control group per cattle. The gross returns were Tk. 48,500 UMS feeding group and Tk. 37,500 for the control group. So, the higher gross margin was found in the treatment group (Tk. 14,310) than the control group (Tk. 3,810). Therefore, profitability of beef cattle fattening might be increased significantly in haor areas through supplementation of urea molasses straw in the diet.

Knowledge Management: Journal