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Presence of Formalin in Small Indigenous Species of Fish at Sylhet Sadar

M AHaq
Department of Fisheries Technology and Quality Control, Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

M A Baten
Department of Fisheries Technology and Quality Control, Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

M MHossain
Department of Fisheries Technology and Quality Control, Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

M M H Khan*
Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Sylhet Agricultural University Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

M M Hossain
Department of Coastal and Marine Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Formalin contamination in edible fishes is strictly prohibited in Bangladesh. Although studies reported formalin contamination in many different commercial large table fish’s items but research pinpoints the formalin contamination in Small Indigenous Species (SIS) of fishes are scant. The present study was aimed at detecting the presence of formalin in SIS from different fish markets of Sylhet Sadar Upazila, Bangladesh. Five SIS taxaexplicitly Coricaso borna (Kachki), Amblypharyngodon mola (Mola), Gudusia chapra (Chapila), Mystus tengra (Tengra), Puntius ticto (Tit punti) were purposely sampled during winter season (November to December, 2014) and summer (May to June, 2015) from eight fish markets for the detection of formalin content by using formalin testing kit developed by Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR). A total of 160SIS individuals were collected, where 50 samples were contaminated with formalin in which 32 samples (40%) were in summer and 18 (22.5%) in the winter season. The rate of formaldehyde contamination was higher in C. soborna (100% both in summer and winter) followed by G. chapra (75% in summer and 12.5% in winter) and A. mola(50% in summer and 0% in winter) respectively. The formalin contamination was found statistically significant (P value <0.05) for Chapila and Molain both season. It is, therefore, strongly recommended to ensure the institutional and government support and extension aids for improving the formalin testing methods, marketing systems and market facilities that can ensure a good quality fresh/safe fish in the markets for consumers.

Keywords: Formalin contamination, SIS, Fish, Season, Food safety, Consumers

Location: Department of Fisheries Technology and Quality Control, Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Quality and Nutrition

Commodity: Fish, Formalin

Objectives:

The present study aimed to know the presence of formalin in SIS in different fish markets of Sylhet Sadar Upazila, Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Selection of fish markets The Sylhet district is situated in 24.70^onorth latitudes and 91.67^o east longitudes. Sylhet district is divided into twelve Upazilas. Sylhet Sadaris one of them and is famous for the production, marketing and transportation of fresh or wet fish. A huge number of fresh fishes are coming every day in the different markets of Sylhet Sadar Upazila for local consumption. The people of Sylhet region prefer the fresh fish and there is a good demand for these products which is increasing day by day to all kinds of people irrespective of poor and rich. The present study was thereby intended to conduct in this area and primarily eight fish markets were selected near to the Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet as per vision of the study. These are Adorsho Fish Market (AFM), AmbarKhana Fish Market-1 (AKFM1), AmbarKhana Fish Market-2 (AKFM2), Rikabi Bazar Fish Market (RBFM), Lala Bazar Fish Market (LBFM), Kazir Bazar Fish Market (KBFM), Kazitula Fish Market (KFM ) and Shibgonj Fish Market (SFM). 1822) were investigated from eight different fish markets in two seasons explicitly summer and winter. All of the fishes were collected from natural water bodies (River, Lake, Haor, Baor, Beel and natural pond) of Bangladesh. The majority of fishes originated from Sylhet, Sunamgonj, Chittagong, Rangamati, Comilla, Chandpurand Barishal. The Kachki (Corica soborna) predominantly imported from Chittagong and Rangamati, and other fishes imported from different parts of Bangladesh. A total of 160 samples under aforesaid five fish taxa were collected from these markets for the identification of formalin and sources of formalin. The samples were collected in a plastic box or other temperature insulated pot separately to avoid mixing with another fish at the laboratory until use. The samples were used within 24 hours of collection. Samples were collected during winter (November to December, 2014) and summer (May to June, 2015) seasons.Identification of formalin on selected fish through the formalin Test Kit. The Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) developed formalin detection kit for the fish sample. The procedure used for the detection of formalin in selected five SIS samples from eight different markets of Sylhet Sadar Upazila. Data analysis All the collected data were tabulated, summarized, scrutinized carefully and recorded properly in a master sheet by using Microsoft Excel and SPSS software for statistical analysis. Student t-test with 95% confidence level (P-value <0.05) was carried out to compare the intensity of formalin in the summer and winter season within SIS fishes.

Source of Information: J. Sylhet Agril. Univ. 4(2):281-287, 2017ISSN: 2308-1597

Article Link (Online Journal): www.jsau.com.bd

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Among five types of fish species, C. soborna was the most formalin contaminated followed by G. chapra and A. mola. The SIS fishes are more prone to formalin contamination in summer than the winter season. Because of fish spoilage or quality deterioration is related to temperature and long distance transportation which influences the dishonest fish trader to use the formalin for the preservation of fish for a longtime. Awareness should be built on the hazardous effect of formalin-treated fish. The government and other agencies need to take necessary action to prevent such type of malicious activities by the fish traders to safe guard consumer as well as a fish handler. The future direction of research should be done for value chain analysis of formalin-treated fish in different sources from the super markets to rural markets and nutritional quality changes in formalin treated fish muscles.

Knowledge Management: Journal