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Incidence and Distribution of Lemon Butterfly (papilio Demoleus L.) Larva in Citrus Orchard and Nursery in Sylhet

M Ehsanullah
Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, Tamaltala Agriculture and Technical College (TATC), Natore, Bangladesh

M A Maleque*
Department of Entomology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh

A F M Saiful Islam
Department of Crop Botany and Tea Production Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh

M A H L Bhuiyan
Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, Tamaltala Agriculture and Technical College (TATC), Natore, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An attempt was made to explore the incidence of lemon butterfly larva in the orchards and nurseries of Jara lemon, Mandarin and Sweet orange in Jaintapur, Sylhet during May to October 2014. At host plant level, citrus orchards were selected from Citrus Research Station (CRS), Dowdic, Bagerkhal, Lamashampur and Utlarpar village of Jaintapur upazila. In case of orchard, leaf infestation of lemon butterfly larva was recorded from north-facing, south-facing, east-facing, west-facing and central canopy. The maximum leaf infestation was recorded from north-facing canopy of Sweet orange (28.33%), Mandarin (26.56%) and Jara lemon (12.89%). The minimum leaf infestation was recorded from east-facing canopy of Jara lemon (8.47%), Mandarin (20.16%) and Sweet orange (2018%). At landscape level, the highest leaf infestation was recorded in Mandarin (24.69%) and Sweet orange (27.89%) of Bagerkhal village. The lowest leaf infestation (20.16%) was recorded in Mandarin orchard of CRS. Larval infestation on Jara lemon, Mandarinand Sweet orange leaves was low in May and gradually increased up to October. The seasonal fluctuation pattern suggests that pest management measures need to be adopted during new flushes to keep the pest infestation below economic level. In case of nurseries at CRS only, infested seedlings of Jara lemon, Mandarin and Sweet orange were sampled at 15 days after grafting (DAG), 30 DAG, 45 DAG and 60 DAG from 2.0m × 2.0m quadrat. At 60 DAG, the highest infestation was recorded in Jara lemon (57.5%), Mandarin (70.0%) and Sweet orange (82.5%). At 15 DAG, the lowest infestation was recorded in Jara lemon (5.0%), Mandarin (12.5%) and Sweet orange (20.0%). Seedling infestation rapidly increased up to 30 DAG and gradually increased up to 60 DAG. The larval incidence pattern on seedlings indicates that proper management techniques need to be undertaken at 15 DAG when seedlings are at very early stage and larval infestation just starts in the nursery.

Keywords: Jara lemon, Mandarin, Sweet orange, Host preference.

Location: Jaintapur upazila of Sylhet district

Start Date: 00-05-2014

End Date: 00-10-2014

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Butterfly

Objectives:

The present study was undertaken to find out the abundance and spatiotemporal distribution of lemon butterfly in nurseries as well as in the orchards of Jara lemon, Mandarin and Sweet orange in Sylhet.

Methodology:

Study site The study was carried out in Jaintapur upazila of Sylhet district. Sylhet is located between 23°57' and 25°13', north latitude and between 90°56' and 92°21' east longitudes. In order to determine the leaf infestation (%) in the orchard of Jara lemon, Mandarin and Sweet orange, the study was conducted at five locations of two unions under Jaintapur upazilla in Sylhet district. Citrus Research Station and Dowdic village is located at Nijpat union and three villages like Bagerkhal, Lamashampur and Utlarpar located at Fatehpur union. In order to determine the incidence of lemon butterfly larva (%) in the nursery of Jara lemon, Mandarin and Sweet orange, the study was conducted at Citrus Research Station (CRS), Jaintapur upazilla in Sylhet district. Selection and tagging of plants in citrus orchard To determine the leaf infestation (%) in citrus plant, one orchard each of three citrus host plants viz., Jara lemon, Mandarin and Sweet orange was selected from each study location. Then four plants from each type of orchard were randomly selected and tagged for data collection. Since the number of orchards was only one from each study location,no particular design was followed in the experiment. Incidence of lemon butterfly larva In order to determine the incidence of lemon butterfly larva at host plant level, horizontal distribution was determined based on data collected from the four tagged plants of each location. The horizontal distribution on Jara lemon, Mandarin and Sweet orange included five canopy directions viz., north canopy, south canopy, east canopy, west canopy and central canopy. These five canopy directions were considered from middle canopy of the plant. Then one twig from each canopy direction was selected randomly. Then the number of infested leaves was counted from fifty leaves of the selected twig at each canopy direction. Besides the above, in order to determine the distribution of lemon butterfly at landscape level, location wide distribution of lemon butterfly was determined based on data collected from the four tagged plants from each of five locations of the study. Sampling of infested seedlings in citrus nursery To determine the seedling infestation (%) in citrus nursery, one nursery each of three citrus host plants (i.e., Jara lemon, Mandarin and Sweet orange) was selected for data collection. The size of each nursery was 30m × 15m. A quadrat of 2 × 2-m size was placed at random in three locations each of Jara lemon, Mandarin and Sweet orange nurseries to collect data of infested seedlings out of 40 seedlings inside each quadrat. Data on infested seedlings were collected at 15, 30, 45 and 60 days after grafting (DAG). Each date of data collection was considered one treatment and each location of quadrat was considered one replication. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD).

Source of Information: J. Sylhet Agril. Univ. 4(2):227-232, 2017ISSN: 2308-1597

Article Link (Online Journal): www.jsau.com.bd

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Thus the checking of larval incidence on nursery seedlings would ensure healthy growing of citrus plants in the main citrus orchards in the Sylhet region and possibly for other citrus growing regions in the country or even in the world where lemon butterfly prevails as a big threat to citrus production and marketing.

Knowledge Management: Journal