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Assessment of Weight Loss of Onion in Storage Due to Fungi

M Ahsanuzzaman
MS student
Department of Plant Pathology and Seed Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100

M M Sarker
MS student
Department of Plant Pathology and Seed Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100

R Hasan
Assistant Professor
Department of Plant Pathology and Seed Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100

A Muqit
Professor
Department of Plant Pathology and Seed Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100

M A U Doullah*
Professor
Department of Plant Pathology and Seed Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted to assess weight loss of onion bulbs in storage due to fungi in the laboratory of the Department of Plant Pathology and Seed Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet. A total of six onion entries where four Indian viz., Accession 1, Accession 2, Accession 3 and Pusa red, and two deshi viz. Faridpuri and Zitka were tested. The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Fungal disease development on stored onion bulbs was observed at 45 days of storage (DOS). Three important storage fungi namely Aspergillus niger, Penicillium spp. and Fusarium oxysporum were found to be predominant that caused black mould, blue mould and Fusarium bulb rot disease, respectively. All entries were found to be susceptible to the storage fungi. The lowest disease incidence was found in Zitka variety (10.34%) whereas the highest was in Pusa red (26.57%) variety. Black mould disease showed the highest disease incidence among the three diseases. Percent weight loss was recorded three times with 15 days interval of DOS. Weight losses of all entries were significantly different at 15 days of interval in storage condition. Pusa red variety showed the highest (35.7%) weight loss at 45 days of storage where the lowest (8.7%) was recorded in Zitka. All Indian entries showed higher weight loss compared to deshi entries. Significant and positive correlation was found (r = 0.885*) between disease incidence and weight loss.

Keywords: Allium cepa, Storage fungi, Disease incidence, Weight loss, Onion.

Location: Department of Plant Pathology and Seed Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet

Start Date: 00-07-2016

End Date: 00-11-2016

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Fungal Disease, Onion

Objectives:

The present study was undertaken to assess the causes and losses in storage of onion bulbs especially by fungi and its relation to weight loss.

Methodology:

Experimental site The experiments were carried out in the laboratory of Department of Plant Pathology and Seed Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet during the period of July to November 2016. Experiment materials A total of six onion entries among which three were Indian entries namely Accession 1, Accession 2, Accession 3 and Pusa red, and two local namely Faridpuri and Zitka were used as experimental materials for the research work (Table 1). The test materials were collected from the Department of Crop Botany and Tea Production Technology, SAU, Sylhet and three different markets of Sylhet Sadar namely i. Mazortila market, ii. Modina market and iii. Subhanighat market. Experiment period and storage procedure The experiment was carried out during July to November 2016. Onion samples were stored on rack maintaining proper replications where room temperature throughout the period was between 25-30ºC. Observation and identification of fungi Disease development of stored onion bulbs was under close observation physically up to at 45 days of storage (DOS). After that each diseased onion sample was observed under a stereomicroscope at 10X and 25X magnifications in order to record the fungi. Most of the associated microorganism grown on the diseased onion was detected by their identifying characters as outlined by Barnett (1965). For confirmation of identification of fungi, temporary slides were prepared from the diseased bulb and observed under a compound microscope and identified with the help of keys suggested by Booth (1971) and Ellis (1971). Disease incidence (%) and weight loss (%) were recorded at 15 days interval. Experimental design and statistical analysis The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. The rerecorded data on various parameters of the present study were statistically analyzed using R statistical package programme. The level of significance and analysis of variance along with the Least Significant Difference (LSD) were calculated according to Gomez and Gomez (1984). Mean Differences were compared by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) and correlation was performed by Microsoft Office Excel.

Source of Information: J. Sylhet Agril. Univ. 4(1):95-100, 2017 ISSN: 2308-1597

Article Link (Online Journal): www.jsau.com.bd

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Storage fungi are the major problem of onion bulb that causes serious loss in store. Three most important storage diseases were recorded at storage condition in the present study. These were black mould (Aspergillus niger), blue mould (Penicillium spp.) and Fusarium bulb rot (Fusarium oxysporum.). All six entries were susceptible to the storage fungi where black mould disease caused by Aspergillus niger was predominant. The lowest disease incidence was recorded in Zitka variety and the highest disease incidence was in Pusa red variety. The highest infection and weight loss was recorded in Pusa red variety where Zitka showed the lowest. Based on the result Zitka variety has more durability in storage condition as because of its less fungal infection and less weight loss ability.

Knowledge Management: Journal