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Effect of Abiotic Factors on the Seasonal Incidence of Rice Yellow Stem Borer, Scirpophaga Incertulas (walker) and Rice Leaf Folder, Cnaphalocrocis Medinalis (guenee) Population at the South-east Coastal Region of Bangladesh

Md. Niaz Morshed
SO
Scientific Officer, Adaptive Research Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Mohammad Tofazzal Hossain Howlader
Professor, Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Rafiqul Islam
Principle Scientific Officer, Adaptive Research Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Naznin Sultana MS
Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Hasibur Rahaman Hera
Scientific Officer, Plant pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was carried out under field conditions at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Regional station Sonagazi, Feni, to study the effect of abiotic factors on the seasonal incidence of rice yellow stem borer (RYSB), Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) and rice leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenee) population at the south-east coastal region of Bangladesh during Kharif-2 (T. Aman), 2019 season. This study aimed to determine the effect of abiotic factors on the incidence of the pest population and to forewarn & plan for timely management of RYSB and rice leaf folder. Insects were collected from the experimental plot by using sweep net method and weather data was recorded simultaneously from the meteorological observatory. Observations on S. incertulas incidence revealed that the highest per cent of dead hearts (10.51) and white heads (9.38) were occurred during the 2nd week of October and 1st week of November, respectively. Per cent, dead hearts incidence were observed highest during the vegetative phase and per cent of white heads were highest during the reproductive phase of the plant. The correlation studies with abiotic factors revealed that temperature showed a negative significant impact on the population of S. incertulas (white heads) and negative non-significant impact on dead hearts. Relative humidity showed a positive significant impact on dead hearts but the negative non-significant impact on white heads. Rainfall showed a positive non-significant impact on dead heart but it showed a negatively significant impact on white heads. Leaf folder infestation attained its peak during 2nd fortnight of October and didn’t get significantly affected by rainfall, relative humidity & temperature. So it is better to take preventive measures for leaf folder from the start of September month. These findings will be helpful for proper and timely management of the rice yellow stem borer & leaf folder in the south-east coastal region of Bangladesh.

Keywords: Insect, Pest, Abiotic factors, Rice yellow stem borer, Rice leaf folder

Location: Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Regional station Sonagazi, Feni,

Start Date: 01-07-2019

End Date: 10-12-2019

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Insects

Objectives:

To determine the effect of abiotic factors on the incidence of the pest population and to forewarn & plan for timely management of RYSB and rice leaf folder.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted during the Kharif-2 (T. Aman), 2019 season at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Regional Station, Sonagazi, Feni, Bangladesh. The experimental plot was located at 22.88° North (latitude) and 91.43° East (longitude) at an average elevation of 11m above from the sea level belonging to the Chittagong Coastal plain (i.e., Agro-Ecological Zone-14). Mean maximum temperature experienced during the experiment was 35.360 C during the 3rd week of September and the mean minimum temperature was 22.070 C during 1st week of November. The maximum rainfall experienced was16.57mm during 3rd week of September. Seasonal incidence of insect pests on rice was studied on a separate plot of 33 decimal (1 bigha). The nursery was raised adjacent to the main experiment plot to study the population build-up of the pests. BRRI dhan71 rice variety was used as an experimental crop for this study. It is one of the most popular T. Aman high yielding rice varieties in Bangladesh having 110-115 days growth duration and grown in irrigated and medium upland condition having a special feature of good grain quality. Thirty days old seedlings were transplanted to the main field with a spacing of 20×15 cm2 in hills (2 seedlings/hill) and all the agronomical practices viz. irrigation, fertilizer application and intercultural operations were followed as recommended for rice crop in this area to raise the crop. No chemical pesticides were applied throughout the crop period to get a natural pest incidence on the crop. The pest population was recorded in this unprotected plot at 7 days interval from the occurrence or initiation of pest infestation and was continued up to maturity. The incidence of pests was recorded on 10 randomly selected hills, in case of each insect. Weather data was also recorded simultaneously from the meteorological observatory available at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Regional Station, Sonagazi, Feni, Bangladesh and correlated with the per cent incidence of the pest population. Correlation coefficient method was adopted to work out the relationship between the occurrence of the pest incidence and the weather parameters. Observation and Analysis: The infestation of yellow stem borer was observed in two phases, one at vegetative phase as per cent dead hearts and second at reproductive phase as per cent white heads from 10 randomly selected hills. Population counts were taken on the number of dead hearts/white heads and a total number of tillers/panicle from 10 randomly selected hills. The per cent incidence (dead heart/ white heads) was calculated.

Source of Information: Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2020; 8(3): 1321-1326

Article Link (Online Journal): www.entomoljournal.com

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the above findings, it may conclude that the peak period of S. incertulas population (10.51%) were recorded in 2nd week of October (42nd standard week) at vegetative stage (Dead hearts) and at the reproductive stage (White ears) the S. incertulas arrived at peak during 1st week of November (45th standard week). The above research revealed that the incidence of yellow stem borer or the per cent dead hearts were observed highest during the vegetative phase and per cent white ears were highest during the reproductive phase of the plant. So if it is controlled at an early stage it will not have a loss in the reproductive phase. The correlation studies with abiotic factors revealed that temperature showed a negative significant impact on the population of S. incertulas (white heads) and negative non-significant impact on dead hearts. Relative humidity showed a positive significant impact on dead heats but the negative non-significant impact on white heads. Rainfall showed a positive non-significant impact on dead heart but it showed a negatively significant impact on white heads. The incidence of leaf folder infestation commenced after the first forth night of September and attained its peak population during 2nd fortnight of October. The leaf folder population didn’t get significantly affected by rainfall, relative humidity and temperature, so it is better to take preventive measures from the start of September month. These findings could be helpful for proper and timely management of the rice yellow stem borer & leaf folder in south-east coastal region of Bangladesh and show the relation of insect pest population affected by weather factors which help to plan a proper pest management technique for paddy field in this area. Further study required to confirm our findings.

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