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Field Performances of Different Organic Manures on Yield, Yield Attributes and Nutrient Uptake of Boro Rice Cultivated in Old Brahmaputra Floodplain Soils of Bangladesh

S Bilkis*
Assistant Registrar
Sylhet AgriculturalUniversity, Sylhet, Bangladesh

M R Islam
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M Jahiruddin
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M M Rahaman
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

With the concept of “Improvement and sustenance of crop yield and soil fertility through efficient nutrient management with integrated use of manures and fertilizers”, the present study was conducted to evaluate the field performances of different types of manures such as cowdung (CD), cowdung slurry (CD slurry), trichocompost (TC), vermicompost (VC), poultry manure (PM) and poultry manure slurry (PM slurry) in Boro rice at Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) farm during 2011 -2012. Cowdung, CD slurry, TC and VC were added to soil at 5 t ha^-1, and PM and PM slurry were applied at 3 t ha^-1. Addition of manures and fertilizers (IPNS treatments) significantly increased the grain and straw yields of rice and significantly influenced different yield attributes. Nutrient uptake by Boro rice was significantly affected by different treatments. Trichocompost and vermicompost containing treatments produced higher crop yield followed by poultry manure slurry and cowdung slurry. Integrated use of manures and fertilizers gave on an average 8.3%-33.8% grain yield increase in Boro rice over sole chemical fertilizers treatment.

Keywords: Cowdung slurry, Poultry manure slurry, Trichocompost, Vermicompost, Nutrient uptake.

Location: Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-00-2011

End Date: 00-00-2012

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Manures, Rice

Objectives:

The present study was initiated to develop an ecofriendly integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilizers for sustainable crop productivity and soil fertility.

Methodology:

Experimental site and initial soil characters of the location:The experiment was conducted at the Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh for the years 2011-12. The experimental site was situated at 24.75⁰N Latitude, 90.5⁰E Longitude. The site is about 18 m above the mean sea level and has a subtropical climate, which is influenced by the southwestern monsoon. The average annual rainfall is 2000mm with more than 80% of it occured from mid June to the end of the September. The soil belongs to Sonatala series under the AEZ-9 (Old Brahmaputra Floodplain) (UNDP and FAO, 1988). The soil was silty clay loam in texture having pH 6.14, organic matter content 2.35%, total N 1.0 mg g^-1, available P 3.61 ppm, exchangeable K 0.12 me%, available S 12.6 ppm and CEC 12.5 me%. BRRI dhan29 was used as the study crop for Boro rice. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications.Treatments:The manures used in the experiments were cowdung (CD), cowdung slurry (CD slurry), poultry manure (PM), poultry manure slurry (PM slurry) trichocompost (TC) and vermicompost (VC). Each manure was used with chemical fertilizers (CF) on Integrated Plant Nutrition System (IPNS) and high yield goal (HYG) basis with 8treatments. The doses of N, P, K, S and Zn were150, 20, 60, 20 and 03 kg ha-1and the fertilizer doses were calculated as outlined in the Fertilizer Recommendation Guide (FRG, 2005). Total amount of P, K and S fertilizers was applied as basal during final land preparation and urea was applied in 3 (three) equal splits. Zn and B was applied in 3 equal splits. Rotten cowdung, decomposed poultry manure and compost were applied 7 (seven) days before transplanting. Sowing, planting and harvesting details: Seedling age: 50 days Seedling rate: 3seedlings hill^-1 Planting date: Jan. 24 2012 Harvesting date: May 20 2012 Plant spacing: 20cm × 20cm Crop duration: (115+50) days Intercultural operations: Three weedings at 15, 25 and 55 days after transplanting were made to keep the field weed free. Irrigation was done whenever required. Granular insecticide “Vitafuran” was applied to the field during urea fertilizer application to control stem borer. Data collection:At maturity, the crop was harvested and the different data were recorded. Grain yield was recorded at 14% moisture basis and straw yield at sun dry basis. Plant sampling and chemical analysis: The grain and straw samples were collected, dried, ground for analyzed for N, P, K, S contents following standard methods. For N determination, H2SO4 digestion was followed (Page et al.,1982) and for other nutrients HNO3-HClO4 digestion was done. Phosphorus was determined colorimetrically using molybdovanadate solution yellow colour method (Yoshida et al.,1976) and the S concentration by turbidity method (Chapman and Pratt, 1964). The K concentration in the acid digest was determined directly by flame photometer (Yoshida et al.1976). Then the nutrient uptake was calculated with the following equations: Uptake= Yield × Concentration Statistical analysis: Statistical analysis of the data on crop characters and plant analysis was done using computer based statistical program Mstat-C (Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA) following the basic principles stated by Gomez and Gomez (1984). Significant effects of treatments were determined by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the mean comparisons of the treatments at 5% level of significance were evaluated by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Microsoft EXCEL package (Microsoft Corporation, Pullman, WA, USA) was used for correlation and regression analysis.

Source of Information: J. Sylhet Agril. Univ. 2(2):195-201, 2015 ISSN: 2308-1597

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Integrated use of organic manures and chemical fertilizers reduce the rate of chemical fertilizers which showed significant effects on the yield attributes and yield of rice as well as nutrient uptake. The present study thus indicates that use of manure, especially trichocompost, vermicompost, poultry manure slurry and cowdung slurry integrated with chemical fertilizers, can help to improve crop yield. Among the manures used, trichocompost and vermicompost produced higher yield of Boro rice.

Knowledge Management: Journal