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Fluctuation Pattern of Insect Pests and Natural Enemies in Summer Brinjal Ecosystem

MAR Choudhury*
Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh; Department of Entomology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

M M Rahman
Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

M Z Alam
Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

M M Hossain
Department of Horticulture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

Q A Khaliq
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field study was conducted at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, in summer season during February to August 2014 to know the seasonal fluctuation pattern of insect pests and natural enemies in brinjal ecosystem. The major insect pests were found in brinjal field viz. jassid (136.02 per 10 leaves), whitefly (92.88 per 10 leaves), aphid (83.33 per 10 leaves) and brinjal shoot and fruit borer (20.44 male moth per trap^-week) and their highest population was observed at 70, 85, 70 and 116 days after transplanting (DAT). Epilachna beetle, leaf beetle, green leaf hopper and leaf roller indicated as the relatively minor pests of brinjal. Average temperature showed significant positive correlation with the population of jassid, whitefly, aphid, brinjal shoot and fruit borer and epilachna beetle. While average relative humidity had a significant negative correlation with population of jassid, whitefly and aphid. A significant negative correlation was also observed in case of rainfall for white fly and aphid.Natural enemies found in the brinjal field were spider, black ant, lady bird beetle, carabid beetle, syrphid fly and preying mantid.

Keywords: Brinjal, Seasonal fluctuation, Insect pest, Natural enemy

Location: Experimental farm of the Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur

Start Date: 00-02-2014

End Date: 00-08-2014

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Insects

Objectives:

The meteorological parameters play a pivotal role in the biology of insect pests. Temperature is the most crucial abiotic factor influencing the rate of growth and development of insect pests and it needs effective control measures to cheek their abundant growth. Again variation of insect pests is subjected to vary in different geographical locations associated with temporal variations. To implement Integrated Pest Management (IPM) effectively, it is necessary to monitor the seasonal variations of population of insect pests and their natural enemies. In the present study an attempt was taken to address this issue.

Methodology:

The study was conducted in the experimental farm of the Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, during February to August 2014 (Summer). Geographically the location lies between 24.09⁰ N latitude and 90.26⁰E longitudes with an elevation of 8.50 meter from the sea level (Haideret al.,1991). The study was laid out in RCB design with three replications. The row to row distance was 1 m and plant to plant 60 cm. A total of 135 seedlings were planted in 9 plots @ 15 seedlings plot^-1 and each plot size was maintained at 3m × 3m. Thirty five days-old seedlings (BARI Begun-8) were transplanted in the well prepared experimental plots. No plant protection measure was applied excess pheromone trap. All the recommended agronomic practices were followed during the experimental period according to Rashid (1993). Observations were made by visual searching method and installation of pheromonetrap.Data were analyzed by SPSS software. Visual searching method Insect species considering sessile, agile, adult, nymphs and larvae of flying insects on brinjal plants were counted from a random sample of 5 plants taken from each plot. Ten leaves were chosen randomly on each plant, four from the bottom (older leaves), two from the middle and four from the top canopy (younger leaves). The lower surface of the leaf was thoroughly examined visually with naked eye for the presence of any insects. Counting was done before 08:30 AM (local time) to avoid the excessive mobility of the adult insects. The data were pooled over the season and average was calculated to provide an overall mean density per plot. The population density of each insect was expressed as number of individuals per 10 leaves of the plant. The population of beneficial insects like spiders, lady bird beetle, ants, nymphs and larvae on brinjal plants, were counted from five branches selected randomly from 10 plants. Observations were made at fortnightly intervals throughout the cropping season i.e. ten times data were taken on insect population and natural enemies. Pheromone trap Trapping is a relative insect population density monitoring method. To catch adult moth of Brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB) one sex pheromone trap was placed in the center of each plot. Brinjal shoot and fruit borer moths were collected at seven days interval.

Source of Information: J. Sylhet Agril. Univ. 2(2):149-155, 2015 ISSN: 2308-1597

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It can be concluded that seasonal population fluctuation of insect pests and natural enemies on brinjal crop is greatly influenced by a number of environmental factors. It means that management of brinjal pest is a complex one and it is a necessary to monitor the seasonal variations of insect pest populations as well as it’s natural enemies for taking appropriate controlling measures.

Knowledge Management: Journal