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Enhancement of Rice and Wheat Seed Germination and Seedling Vigor by Bio Control Agent, Cladosporium Cladosporioides

Md. Touhidul Islam
Laboratory of SARD, School of Agriculture and Rural Development (SARD), Bangladesh Open University, Gazipur-1705, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The bio control agent, Cladosporium cladosporioides, strain BOU1 was used to evaluate the rice and wheat plant growth by germination percentage, germination index, vigor index-I and vigor index-II in rice and wheat seed. All the variables of germination and seedling vigor of rice and wheat were increased by the conidial suspension of C. cladosporioides. The rice seed treated with C. cladosporioides had the highest germination index and vigor index-I with average mean values of 8.2 and 4.5, respectively; while the treated wheat seed showed the highest germination percentage and vigor index-II with average mean values of 80.3 and 0.05, respectively. The research is concluded that the bio control agent C. cladosporioides improves seed germination and seedling vigor of wheat and rice, which can finally be converted into superior yield even in adverse conditions.

Keywords: Rice, Wheat, Seedling vigor, Germination, Seed treatment, Biocontrolagent

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End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice, Wheat

Objectives:

The goal of this study was to evaluate the ability of by bio control agent, C. cladosporioides BOU1 to improve rice and wheat germination and seedling performance as well as seedling vigor in good-quality seeds.

Methodology:

The bio control agent, Cladosporium cladosporioides, (Davidiellaceae: Capnodiales) (Fresen.) de Vries, isolate BOU1 (GenBank accession number-MG654669) was used to evaluate the growth of rice and wheat plant by germination percentage, germination index, vigor index-I and vigor index-II. The fungal isolate was obtained from the farmer’s rice field in Gazipur, Bangladesh (Islam et al., 2019), which was originally isolated from the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens(Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae). The fungus was cultured on PDA (potato dextrose agar) medium. Conidia of C. cladosporioides were collected from 15-day-old cultures (maintained at 25 ± 1ºC, 70 ± 10% RH, and L 12: D 12 photoperiod) and were suspended in water. The conidia were quantified using a hemocytometer and a light microscope. The seeds of rice and wheat were obtained from BADC and BARI, respectively. The seeds were surface sterilized with70% ethanol followed by 5% sodium hypochlorite and finally washed with sterilized distilled water before placing for germination assay. One hundred seeds of each plant species were selected for each treatment then soaked in the respective C. cladosporioides in a flask containing spore suspension (1 × 107 conidia/ml) for 30 min. There were 6 Petri dishes for each treatment. The seeds soaked in sterilized distilled water served as control. The treated seeds were incubated for 15 days in sterilized Petri dishes at 25 ± 2 °C fitted with filter paper and each Petri dish was irrigated with 10 ml sterilized water. The root and shoot length of the seedlings were measured by selecting fifteen seeds randomly for each treatment. Shoot length was measured from the base of the primary leaf to the base of the hypocotyls and root length was measured from the tip of the primary root to the base of hypocotyl, with all measurements expressed in cm. Shoot and root weight were examined using digital weight scales and expressed in gm. All measurements were done according to the method by Dash (2012). Statistical analysis Data were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA. The statistical analyses were performed using the Proc GLM procedure (SAS Studio 3.6, 2017). Means were separated using Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at 5% level of significance.

Source of Information: Res. Agric. Livest. Fish.Vol. 7, No. 1, April 2020: 09-15. ISSN : P-2409-0603, E-2409-9325

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Achievement/Findings:

The present research is concluded that the biocontrol agent C. cladosporioides improves seed germination and seedling vigor of wheat and rice, which can finally be converted into superior yield even in adverse conditions.

Knowledge Management: Journal