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Physicochemical Characterization of Drinking Water of Selected Regions in Bangladesh

MM Hossain
Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

P Biswas
Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

MA Islam
Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

KF Usha
Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

S Marzia
Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Water, the most vital resources for the survival of life is of major importance not only to have an adequate and accessible supply, but also to have quality water that is considered safe for human consumption. The study was designed with a view to investigating water quality by assessing physicochemical properties of drinking water collected from selected regions and to compare the regional variation among the quality of water. The analyzed physical properties were pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS) and the chemical properties were Iron (Fe) Lead (Pb), Sulphate (SO₄^2-) and Phosphate (PO₄^3-). Water samples were collected from separate point of tap water and tube well water and most of them were collected from restaurant, house hold and governmental office within the study areas. The result revealed:(a) the highest value for physical parameters pH, EC and TDS were 7.8, 723 µs/cm and 535 mg/L respectively whereas for chemical parameters SO₄^2-, PO₄^3- and Fe it was 1.6, 0.53 and 1.1 mg/L respectively; (b) the lowest value for pH, EC and TDS were 6.9, 430 µs/cm and 180 mg/L respectively whereas for SO₄^2-, PO₄^3- and Fe it was 0.05, 0.04 and 0.05 mg/L respectively. All of them were present in water within the permissible limits except Fe (1.1 mg/L) and TDS (535 mg/L) as it exceeds WHO standards (0.3-1 mg/L) for Fe and (500 mg/L) for TDS (WHO, 2012). The result obtained for experimental parameters indicates that the water quality is slightly harmful for drinking purposes in terms of (Fe) household and (TDS) govt. office in some regions.

Keywords: Drinking water; Physiochemical properties; Iron, Lead, Sulphate, Phosphate

Location: Dhaka, Mymensingh, Gazipur and Rangpur

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Contamination, Drinking water

Objectives:

To investigate water quality of the different sources of water in study areas and to compare the regional variation among the quality of water.

Methodology:

Study area: To conduct the present study, four districts (Dhaka, Mymensingh, Gazipur and Rangpur) of Bangladesh were selected for water sampling. Samples and measurement: A number of total 96 water samples, of which 32 form household, 32 from restaurant and 32 from governmental offices, were collected from the four study areas. The total 24 water samples were collected from each district and samples were collected from selected sampling points. Parameters of pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), Iron (Fe⁺ ), Lead (Pb), Phosphate (PO4^3- ), and Sulphate (SO4^2- ) were analyzed using the standard water analysis methods. The parameters were measured in accordance with the standard methods. Statistical analysis: To confirm the variability of data obtained and validity of results, all the data were subjected for the statistical analyses using software MS Excel 2016, SPSS. Geographical location was obtained with the help of GIS software. The obtained water quality was then compared with standard values which are prescribed in Bangladesh drinking water standard and World Health Organization (WHO) drinking water quality guidelines.

Source of Information: Progressive Agriculture 31 (1): 36-44, 2020

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/pa.v31i1.48310

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

This study was conducted to assess the physical and chemical properties of the drinking water collected from different selected area Dhaka, Mymensingh, Gazipur, and Rangpur district. It will help us in selection of right options to manage water sources also to find out the drinking water quality of selected area. In this study, physical properties of water such as pH, EC, TDS and chemical properties as Iron (Fe), Lead (Pb), Sulphate (SO^2-) and Phosphate (PO^3-) were analyzed. The experimental results reveals that pH values recorded at different sampling sites ranged from 6.9 to 7.8 and EC values ranged from 430 µs/cm to 723 µs/cm whereas the values of TDS ranged from 180 mg/L to 535 mg/L. In terms of chemical parameters, concentration of Fe found in water samples were ranged from 0.05 to 1.1 mg/L. Similarly the concentration of sulphate (SO^2-) ranged from 0.05 to 1.6 mg/L and for phosphate (PO^3-) concentration it was from 0.04 to 0.53 mg/L whereas Pb was totally absent in all analyzed water samples. In this present study, the values reported for all of those parameters, found in analyzed water samples were within permissible limits except household drinking water of Gazipur (excessive Fe) and drinking water used in Govt. office of Rangpur (high TDS). So, it can be concluded that the water used in these selected region is overall suitable for drinking purpose.

Knowledge Management: Journal