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Livelihood Status of Hilsa (tenualosa Ilisha) Fishermen of Greater Noakhali Regions of Bangladesh

Jahangir Sarker Md*
Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh

Borhan Uddin AMM
Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh

Shamsul Alam Patwary Md
Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh

Mehedi Hasan Tanmay
Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh

Farhana Rahman and
Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh

Moshiur Rahman*
Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study aimed to elucidate the livelihood status of Hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha) fishermen at Lakshmipur and Noahkali Districts in Bangladesh during August, 2014 to January, 2015 through questionnaire survey method. During Hilsa fishing, Pangas (Pangasius pangasius), Koral (Lates calcarifer) and Poa (Johnius coitor) were also found to capture as by catch using Chandi jal (set gill net). 85% fishermen were observed to use mechanized (5-40 HP; Horse Power) boats in the study areas. Hilsa fishing was noticed mostly during October-November while such activities was almost absent during February-May (off period) which made fishermen to start migrating temporarily to the nearest urban areas for their livelihood. Although the Government of Bangladesh formulates an act to have fishing license yet 20% of the fishermen were found having valid fishing license in the study areas. Average daily net income of the fishermen during fishing period was 600 BDT whereas their real field daily income through fishing supposed to be 1695 BDT if they are supported by nets, boats, fuels etc., which means almost 64% of their daily income is taken by the aratdars. Therefore, subsidy as a means of nets, boats, fuels, engines etc., might be recommended for the better livelihood of the fishermen in greater Noakhali region.

Keywords: Hilsa; Tenualosa ilisha; Livelihood; Lakshmipur; Noakhali; Bangladesh

Location: Ramgoti upazila of Lakshmipur district and Subarnachar Upazila of Noakhali district

Start Date: 00-08-2014

End Date: 00-01-2015

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Non-commodity: Livelihood

Objectives:

The present study was carried out to assess the livelihood status of the Hilsa fishermen and the impacts of off season on the socioeconomic condition of Hilsa fishermen in Lakshmipur and Noakhali region of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Investigation was carried out in Ramgoti upazila of Lakshmipur district and Subarnachar Upazila of Noakhali district for six months from August, 2014 to January, 2015. The study was based on the collection of primary and secondary data. Total 400 fishermen were involved in Hilsa fishing (250 in Laksmipur district and 150 in Noakhali district). Therefore, primary data (10% of the total population) for this study were collected from randomly selected 40 (forty) Hilsa fishermen (25 fishermen from Ramgoti upazila of Lakshmipur district and 15 fishermen from Subarnachar upazila of Noakhali district) comprising of younger, middle aged and elderly experienced fishers. Pre-evaluated and post evaluated questionnaire were used for the data collection from fishermen in accordance with the objective set for the study. Primary data were collected through personal interview and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and secondary data were collected through Crosscheck Interviews (CI) with key informants, from project reports and documents. Necessary relevant information on the socio-economic condition of fishermen was collected from regional offices. After collection of data, these were edited and coded. All the collected data were summarized and scrutinized carefully and recorded. All the collected information were accumulated and analyzed by MSExcel and then presented in textual, tabular and graphical forms to understand the present livelihood status of the fishermen in the studied area.

Source of Information: Fish Aquac J 2016, 7:2

Article Link (Online Journal): http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2150-3508.1000168

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The study was focussed on the livelihood of the Hilsa fishermen of Ramgoti upazila under Lakshmipur district and Subarnachar upazila under Noakhali district, Bangladesh. Fishers were found to be mostly poor and neglected in the society and are exploited by the rich people/Mohajan/Aratdar in different ways. Many fishers do not have fishing equipment (boat and net) and as such they undertake fishing in Mohajan’s boat as labourers or on catch share basis (paying Mohajan’s at 10% according to their catch). About 100% of fishermen used Chandi jal (set gill net) of which 85% fishers were used mechanized boat. Among of all fishermen 20 to 30 HP of engine of mechanized boat had the highest number (45%). There is no essential obligation of using license for Hilsa fishing. October to November is the peak season for fishing activity. According to the present study, a fisherman is deceived at Tk. 1095.00 per day by his aratdar. It indicates that this is too hard for a fisherman to maintain his family like food, cloth, medicine or disease treatment, education, homestead maintenance, etc., according to the present life style for a family The socio-economic condition of the fishermen in the adjacent area was not satisfactory. The fishermen were deprived of many amenities. Thus surviving is the most important thing for fishermen; they find themselves their own alternative income generating sources during offseason.

Knowledge Management: Journal