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Economic Assessment of Lemon-based Agroforestry Systems Established in Madhupur Sal Forest Area of Bangladesh

MK Hasan
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

GMM Rahman
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

R Akter
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

SAK Hemel
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

MT Islam
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was carried out to determine the economic assessment of lemon-based agroforestry systems established in the Madhupur Sal forest during the period from May 2017 to September 2018. The study selected five lemon-based agroforestry systems viz. Lemon-Mango-Pineapple-Papaya-Ginger, Lemon-Pineapple-Papaya-Banana-Aroid, Lemon-Pineapple-Papaya-Ginger, Lemon-Mango-Turmeric-Red amaranth and Lemon-Litchi-Papaya-Banana along with three replications having 0.13 ha area for each sample plot. The control plots (without lemon plant) for each of the five lemon-based agroforestry systems were also selected. In order to calculate the economic profitability of respective agroforestry systems as well as sole cropping performance, data related to incurred cost, total yield and income from lemon and crop components were collected through practical observation, key informant interview and focus group discussion. The benefit-cost ratio (BCR) and land equivalent ratio (LER) for each of the selected agroforestry systems were also determined. From the study, it has been found that all of the lemon-based agroforestry systems were profitable than their sole cropping in respect of income, BCR, and LER. The net profit (460032 Tk/ha) indicated that the Lemon-Litchi-Papaya-Banana based agroforestry systems were financially more profitable followed by Lemon-Pineapple-Papaya-Banana-Aroid, Lemon-Mango-Pineapple-Papaya-Ginger, Lemon-Pineapple-Papaya-Ginger, Lemon-Mango-Turmeric-Red amaranth based agroforestry systems. But the BCR and LER (3.515 and 1.73) revealed that Lemon-Pineapple-Papaya-Banana-Aroid based agroforestry system was more productive followed by Lemon-Litchi-Papaya-Banana, Lemon-Mango-Pineapple-Papaya-Ginger, Lemon-Pineapple-Papaya-Ginger, Lemon-Mango-Turmeric-Red amaranth based agroforestry systems. Prior to considering the obtained results from the study, it can be concluded that lemon-based agroforestry systems are more profitable than the cultivation of sole cropping.

Keywords: Agroforestry; Lemon; Cost of production; BCR; LER

Location: Madhupur Sal forest comprising four ranges namely Madhupur National Park, Dokhla, Arunkhola, and Madhupur

Start Date: 00-05-2017

End Date: 00-09-2018

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Non-commodity: Income generation

Objectives:

The objective of evaluating the economic assessment of Lemon based agroforestry systems established in the Madhupur Sal forest of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Geographical description of the study area: The Madhupur Sal forest lies between 23º50' to 24°50' North latitude and 89°54' to 90°50' East longitude. The total area of Madhupur Sal forest is about 18447.44 ha. The topography of the area is characterized by plain land and low hills rising 3.0-4.5 m above the surrounding field locally known as 'chalas', which are intersected by numerous depressions or ‘baids’. The soils are characterized by low organic matter and low fertility. The annual rainfall ranges from 203-229 cm and the annual temperature ranges from 10-34°C. The humidity of the areas varies from 60 to 86% (Hasan et al., 2016). Specific study area and sampling design: Administratively Madhupur Sal forest comprising four ranges namely Madhupur National Park, Dokhla, Arunkhola, and Madhupur (Rahman et al., 2013). The study was conducted in the three villages namely Gaira, Jolai and Magontinagor of Madhupur Sal forest were selected for the study area because Lemon-based agroforestry systems are dominant in this area. The study was carried out from May 2017 to September 2018 under the competitive research grant (CRG) sub-project of the National Agricultural Technology Project Phase-2 (NATP-2) coordinated by BARC. This study dealt with five different Lemons based existing agroforestry systems with three replications having a 0.13 ha area for each sample plot along with a control plot (except tree) for each combination. The total numbers of plots were 30. Selection of lemon-based agroforestry practices: The following five lemons based established agroforestry systems along with their control (without lemon plant) were selected randomly through secondary data, practical observation and consult with the community people in the study area. Collection of data from the selected plots: From each selected plots, the following parameters of crops and shrubs/trees were collected through practical observation, key informant interview and focus group discussion.Crop parameters: In order to calculate crop produce, following parameters like the number of fruits/plant, the weight of fruits/plant (kg), fruits price (Tk/kg), crop price (Tk/kg), cost of production (Tk/ha), income (Tk/ha) and crop yield (Tk/ha) was recorded. Shrubs/tree parameters: The productivity of tree components was measured by collecting the following parameters- number of lemon plant/plot, number of fruits/lemon plant or tree, the weight of fruits/lemon plant or tree (kg), fruit price (Tk/kg), cost of production (Tk/ha), income (Tk/ha) and tree yield (Tk/ha). Economic assessment of lemon based agroforestry systems: In order to perform an economic assessment of the selected lemon-based agroforestry practices and their control plots; investment analysis was carried out considering the timing of benefit and cost during the study period. Data analysis: The obtained data were scrutinized and edited before putting the data in analyzing sheets. Then data were entered into the computer and analyzed by using the MS Excel software package. The obtained data were scrutinized and edited before putting the data in analyzing sheets. Then data were entered into the computer and analyzed by using SPSS and MS Excel.

Source of Information: Progressive Agriculture 31 (1): 45-55, 2020

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/pa.v31i1.48311

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the result of the study, it has been found that the gross return and net return of the Lemon-Litchi- Papaya-Banana based agroforestry system was financially more profitable than other lemon-based agroforestry systems. While BCR and LER were higher in Lemon-Pineapple-Papaya-Banana-Aroid based agroforestry system which indicates that this lemon-based agroforestry system was more economically productive than other selected lemon- based agroforestry systems. Moreover, it has been found that all of the selected lemon-based agroforestry systems were profitable than their sole cropping in respect of returns, BCR and LER. Therefore, it can be concluded that the amount of components available in the system has a direct effect on economic productivity as well as the presence of lemon also increases the overall yield of respective lemon-based agroforestry systems.

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