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Livelihood and Food Security Status of the Working People in Safari Parks of Bangladesh: a Multivariate Regression Analysis

Md. Sazzadur Rahman Sarker
Krishi Gobeshona Foundation, Farmgate, Dhaka

Sheikh Mohammad Sayem*
Department of Agricultural Statistics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Md. Akhtarul Alam
Department of Agricultural Statistics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Khandaker Md. Mostafizur Rahman
Department of Agricultural Statistics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was designed to assess the role of Safari parks on livelihood pattern and food security status of the people linked with parks. A survey was conducted among the employees in two safari parks. Different descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to evaluate the socioeconomic characteristics of the respondents. Economic Security Index (ESI), Health Security Index (HSI), Food Security Index (FSI), Educational Security Index (EDUSI) and Livelihood Security Index (LSI) were constructed. Simultaneous equation system and Three Stage Least Square regression were used to detect the influential factors that affect livelihood and food security status of the people. The result shows that educational status and mode of employment were significantly associated (p<0.01). The body mass indexes about 78% employees were normal. The findings of 3SLS are that the livelihood of the households was positively changed by their food security status where food security was significantly influenced by the mode of employment. For sustainable employment opportunities, the authorities should have to give priority on training and sufficient education to the employees. Different stakeholders can take initiatives to create a number of local jobs, namely shop keeping, hotel and restaurants, transportation, guides, daily laborers through Safari parks.

Keywords: Food security, Index, Livelihood, Multivariate analysis, Safari parks

Location: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Safari Park, Gazipur and Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Safari Park, Cox’s Bazaar

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Livelihood

Objectives:

This study is designed to assess different socioeconomic variables of the stakeholders to increase knowledge about their livelihood and food security status.

Methodology:

Data Both the primary and secondary data were used for this study. Simple random sampling technique was applied for collecting primary data from Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Safari Park, Gazipur and Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Safari Park, Cox’s Bazaar. The sampling units were the employee of the Safari parks and also the people who were the beneficiaries of the parks.The data were collected from the respondents using structured questionnaire. Analytical techniques In this study different socio-economic variables namely age, education, income, employment status, expenditure, activities and BMI (a ratio of body weight to body height and expressed as kg/m²) of the respondents were analyzed through univariate analysis (average, standard deviation and coefficient of variations) to evaluate their current status. Inferential statistics such as t-test and r²-test were used to reach conclusion regarding the hypotheses that have made. A combined index named Livelihood Security Index (LSI) was constructed using four component index to assess the livelihood pattern and food security status of the adjacent community. This proposed combined index is a balanced weighted average approach with a large number of indicators, where each indicator contributes equally to the overall index. The indicators were grouped into different domains representing security areas such as food, health, economic and education. Since each indicator was measured on a different scale, different standardized indicators were needed to use for generating each index. The approach was adopted from the paper of Lindenberg (2002) which was also used by CARE India.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Economics, XL 1&2 (2019): 17-29

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In sum, the study is a modest attempt to evaluate the current socio-economic condition and to assess the livelihood pattern and food security status of adjacent community of two Safari parks (Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Safari Park, Gazipur and Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Safari Park, Cox’s Bazar), as number of employees of these parks was higher than other conservational parks. This paper reveals that there is a potentiality of the young and active people to work here and there is also an opportunity of people with different level of education being employed within the Safari parks. Major portion of the respondents were permanently employed in the Safari parks, which generated permanent and stable source of income. The average calorie intake per day and average BMI of the respondents was significantly higher than the national level. So, the employees of the parks were food secured and most of the respondents enjoyed good health. Four component indices such as Economic Security Index (ESI), Health Security Index (HSI), Food Security Index (FSI) and Educational Security Index (EDUSI) were constructed to assess the livelihood pattern and food security status of adjacent community. Three-Stage Least Squares (3SLS) regression estimated the overall Livelihood Security Index (LSI). The study disclosed that these four indices significantly influenced the overall Livelihood Security Index (LSI). One percent increase in the value of Food Security Index, Health Security Index and Economic Security Index would increase Livelihood Security Index by 0.266, 0.231, and 0.162 percent respectively. These results suggest that employment opportunity within and also outside of the park was being generated which ultimately improves the livelihood of the local people.

Knowledge Management: Journal