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Amelioration of Salinity Tolerance in Foxtail Millet by Applying Plant Growth Regulators

D Biswas
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

MA Mannan
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

MA Karim
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

MY Miah
Department of Soil Science Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot experiment was laid down at the Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur from November 2018 to March 2019 to improving the salinity tolerance in Foxtail millet (BARI Kaon 1) using different plant growth regulators with different doses. Two salinity levels, i) control (0mM NaCl) and ii) 80 mMNaCl were maintained after 14 days of sowing to harvest. The plant growth regulators i) Humic acid (HA): a) @ 5 g L^-1 water b) @ 10 g L⁻¹ water ii) Gibberellic acid (GA3): a) @10 g L-1water b) @20 g L-¹ water iii) Salicylic acid (SA): a) @ 50 g L^-1 water b) @ 100 g L^-1 water were sprayed at 7 days interval from salt imposition. The experiment was in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Results revealed that plant growth regulators improved the growth and yield performance of Foxtail millet under both control and saline conditions. Amelioration of salinity tolerance in Foxtail millet was well associated with lower proline content, higher chlorophyll content and SPAD value as well as dry matter production, which facilitated the Foxtail millet yield due to application of plant growth regulators. Among the plant growth regulators, humic acid (HA) @ 5 g L^-1 water was the best treatment to improving the salinity tolerance in foxtail millet under saline condition.

Keywords: Salinity tolerance, Foxtail millet, Plant growth regulators

Location: Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur

Start Date: 00-11-2018

End Date: 00-03-2019

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Hormone, Foxtail millet, Soil salinity

Objectives:

i) To study the effect of exogenous application of plant growth regulators on some physiological and biochemical parameters related to salinity tolerance in foxtail millet

ii) To evaluate the growth and yield associated characters of foxtail millet in response to plant growth regulators under salinity; and

iii) To determine the appropriate plant growth regulator and their doses this could effectively ameliorate the adverse effects of salt stress on foxtail millet.

Methodology:

The pot experiment was conducted under a semi-controlled environmental condition in the Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur from November 2018 to March 2019. It was located at 24.09⁰ N latitude and 90.26⁰ E longitudes at an elevation of 8.4 m from the mean sea level. The experimental soil was collected before the sowing of seeds. The physical and chemical properties of the soils were sand (40.51%), silt (28.71%), clay (30.78%), pH (6.18), organic carbon (1.45%), total nitrogen (0.712%), available P (7.24 mg P100^-1 g dry soil), exchangeable K (0.169 meq 100^-1 g dry soil), Zn (7.07meq100^-1g dry soil) and the texture was sandy loam. The soil of the pot was fertilized uniformly with 0.40, 0.34 and 0.20 g urea, triple superphosphate and muriate of potash corresponding to 100-75-40 kg urea, triple superphosphate and muriate of potash per hectare, respectively (BARI, 2000).Foxtail millet variety: BARI Kaon -1 (Titas) was used in this experiment. BARI Kaon -1 was released by the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI).The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. Ten healthy seeds were sown maintaining uniform spacing in each pot on 18 November 2018. Light irrigation was given by using the water cane to ensure uniform germination of seeds after sowing. The experiment consisted of the following two treatments: Factor A: salinity levels- 2: i. Control (0 mM NaCl) ii. 80 mM NaCl. Factor B: Plant growth regulators-3: i) Humic acid (HA): a) @ 5 g L^-1 water b) @ 10 g L^-1water ii) Gibberellic acid (GA3): a) @ 10 g L^-1water b) @ 20 g L^-1 water iii) Salicylic acid (SA): a) @ 50 g L^-1water b) @ 100 g L^-1water. Seeds were sown in plastic pots of 24 cm (diameter) × 30 cm (height) in size filled with soil and kept inside plastic house under natural light. After the seedling establishment, six uniform and healthy plants were allowed to grow in each pot. Weeding and pest control measures were taken properly as and when necessary. The salt solution was prepared by adding the required amount of NaCl in tap water making 80 mM salinity level. Saline treated pots were irrigated by saline solution from 14^th days after sowing (DAS) to maturity as and when necessary and control pots were irrigated by tap water. Different concentration of HA, GA3 and SA were applied once in a week from 20 DAS to flowering stage. Data on plant height, leaf fresh and dry weight were recorded at 20 and 40 days after salt imposition. SPAD values were measured at 07 days intervals of salt imposition. Leaf proline and chlorophyll content were measured at flowering stage. Leaf, stem, root and total dry matter weight and yield were recorded at harvest. SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis Development) value was determined from the top fully expanded leaf by a portable chlorophyll meter (Minolta SPAD-502). Chlorophyll content was estimated from the fully expanded uppermost leaf samples using the method described by Witham et al. (1986).Fully expanded uppermost leaf samples were collected and proline extractions were made using the method outlined by Bates et al. (1973). Leaf fresh and dry weight were recorded at 20 and 40 days after salt imposition. At the maturity stage crop was harvested. After harvest soil was washed out gently by tap water and plants were partitioned into root, stem and leaf. Yield and yield contributing characters like panicle weight, seed yield. Sodium and Potassium in the plant straw were determined after harvest following the method described by (Jackson, 1973). The recorded data were statistically analyzed by “CROPSTAT 7.2” software. The treatment means were compared by least significance difference (LSD) test at 5% level of significance (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agron. J. 2019, 22(2): 25-39

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/baj.v22i2.47618

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Application of plant growth regulators increased plant height, leaf fresh weight, stem fresh weight as well as total dry weight, SPAD value, chlorophyll content but decreased proline content in Foxtail millet under saline condition. Plant growth regulators increased panicle length, panicle dry weight and finally yield of Foxtail millet at the saline condition. Among the plant growth regulators applied humic acid @ 5 g L^-1 water showed the best performance in improving the salinity tolerance in Foxtail millet.

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