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Effect of Biochar Application as a Soil Amendment on Growth and Yield of Sesame (sesamumindicuml.)

TS Roy
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

MT Rahaman
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

R Chakraborty
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

M Mostofa
Tuber Crops Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

MS Rahaman
Department of Biochemistry, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of biochar on growth and yield of sesame. In the experiment, the treatment consisted of three varieties, viz., V₁ = BARI Til- 2, V₂ = BARI Til-3 and V₃ = BARI Til-4, and five levels of biocharviz., B₀= control (no biochar application), B₁= 2 t ha^-1, B₂= 4 t ha^-1, B₃= 6 t ha^-1 and B₄= 8 t ha^-1. The experiment was laid out in two factors randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications.Variety, application of different levels of biochar and their interaction showed statistically significant variation in plant height, number of leaves plant^-1 at 55 and 80 DAS and at harvest, capsules plant^-1, seeds capsule^-1, 1000-seed weight, seed yield, stover yield, biological yield and harvest index. The highest plant height (70.34, 110.95 and 109.84 cm at 55 and 80 DAS and at harvest respectively), number of leaves plant^-1 (80.47, 116.70 and 94.54 at 55, 80 DAS and at harvest, respectively), number of branches plant^-1 (3.60), capsules plant^-1 (80.47), number of seeds capsule-1(56.02),seed yield (1.07tha^-1) and harvest index (36.46%) were observed in the variety BARI Til-4 cultivated with the application of biochar @ 6 t ha^-1 (V3*B3) and the lowest one was observed in variety BARI Til-2 with no biochar application (V1*B0). Biochar is effective for increasing growth and yield of sesame.

Keywords: Biochar, Growth, Soil Amendment, Sesame

Location: Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-03-2017

End Date: 00-06-2017

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Sesame, Soil Health

Objectives:

To study the effect of biochar application as a soil amendment on growth and yield of sesame.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy research field of the Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from March to June 2017. Geographically the experimental field was located at 23° 77′ N latitude and 90° 33' E longitudes at an altitude of 9 m above the mean sea level.The morphological, physical and chemical characteristics before and after harvesting of sesame of the experimental plot soil have been presented. The weather condition during the study period (March-June) has been presented. Soil characteristics of experimental farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (before and after harvesting of sesame). Three sesame varieties viz.,BARI Til-2, BARI Til-3 and BARI Til-4 were used as planting material. Seeds of all the varieties were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701.The treatment consisted of three sesame varieties, viz., V₁ = BARI Til-2, V₂ = BARI Til-3, V₃ = BARI Til-4 and five levels of biocharviz., B₀= Control (no biochar application), B₁= biochar @ 2 t ha^-1, B₂= biochar @ 4 t ha^-1, B₃= biochar @ 6 t ha^-1 and B₄= biochar @8 t ha^-1. The experiment was laid out in two factors randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications.There were 15 treatment combinations and 45 unit plots. The unit plot size was 3.60 m² (1.8 m´2.0 m). The blocks and unit plots were separated by 0.50 m and 0.3 m spacing respectively.Therecommended doses of Urea, TSP, MoP, Gypsum, Zinc sulfate and Boric acid as per BARI (2014) @125, 150, 50, 110, 5 and 10 kg ha^-1 were applied in the soil of each plot. All fertilizers were applied as basal dose except urea, which was applied in 2 splits.Seeds were sown in the furrow on 28 March 2017. Different intercultural operations such as thinning, weeding, irrigation,drainage and plant protection measures were done when needed.The crop was harvested at 87 DAS when about 80% of the pods became matured. Samples were collected from each plot leaving undisturbed plants in the center. The sample bundles were sun-dried by spreading those on the threshing floor. The seeds were separated, cleaned and dried in the sun for 3 to 5 consecutive days for achieving safe moisture of seed.The dried seeds and straw were cleaned and weighed. Ten plants were collected randomly from each plot to measure average data of plant height (cm), number of leaves plant^-1(no.), capsules plant^-1(no.),seeds capsule^-1 (no.), weight of 1000 seeds (g),seed yield (t ha^-1), stover yield (t ha^-1), biological yield (t ha^-1) and harvest index (%). Biological yield and harvest index were calculated with the following formula; Biological yield = Grain yield + Stover yield.Harvest index (%) = Seed yield/Biological yield x 100. The collected data were compiled and analyzed statistically using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique with the help of a computer package program Statistix 10 and the mean differences were adjusted by Least Significance Difference (LSD) test at 5% level of significance.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agron. J. 2019, 22 (2): 113-127

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/baj.v22i2.47640

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results in this study indicated that the sesame variety BARI Til-4 performed better with the application of biochar @ 6 t ha^-1in respect of growth and yield properties compared to other treatment combinations.

Knowledge Management: Journal