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Production Potential and Competitive Indices of Mustard Based Intercropping with Wheat Under Different Row Ratios

PK Biswas
Department of Agronomy Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

H Chakma
Department of Agronomy Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

TS Roy
Department of Agronomy Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy research field, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka from November, 2015 to March, 2016 to study the performance of wheat-mustard intercropping as influenced by different row ratios. Ten treatments were included in the study as, T₁ (sole wheat), T₂ (sole mustard), T₃ (wheat mustard in 2:1 rows), T₄ (wheat-mustard in 3:1 rows), T₅ (wheat-mustard in 4:1 rows), T₆ (wheat-mustard in 5:1 rows), T₇ (wheat-mustard in 2:2 rows), T₈ (wheat-mustard in 3:2 rows), T₉ (wheat-mustard in 4:2 rows) and T₁₀ (wheat-mustard in 5:2 rows). The experimental result indicated the significant variations of wheat yield by the wheat mustard intercropping system. The highest seed yield of wheat (3.4 t ha^-1) was obtained from T₁ (sole wheat) that identical with T₄ (wheat-mustard in 3:1 rows) and similar with T₉ (wheat-mustard in 4:2 rows). Wheat yield gradually decreased with increasing mustard rows. The lowest seed yield (1.87 t ha-1) was obtained from T₇ (wheat-mustard in 2:2 rows) which was statistically similar to T₈ (wheat-mustard in 3:2 rows). The highest wheat equivalent yield (5.03 t ha^-1) was obtained from T₄ (wheat-mustard in 3:1 rows). Treatment T₄ (wheat-mustard in 3:1 rows) produced the highest LER (1.45). Economic analysis of the different treatments showed that the highest gross return (Tk. 120250.0 ha^{- 1}), the highest net return (Tk. 61178.0 ha^-1) and BCR (2.04) from T₄ (wheat-mustard in 3:1 rows). Therefore, present study suggest that wheat and mustard intercropped in 3:1 rows showed the most compatible in respect of yield advantage and economic gain.

Keywords: Wheat, Mustard, Intercrop, Wheat equivalent yield, BCR

Location: Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka

Start Date: 00-11-2015

End Date: 00-06-2016

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Wheat, Mustard

Objectives:

1. To compare the performance of intercropping with different row ratios of wheat and mustard and

2. To determine the possibility of increasing monetary advantage with wheat-mustard intercropping.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period from November 2015 to June 2016. The farm belongs to the general soil type, Shallow Red Brown Terrace Soils under Tejgaon Series. The land was above flood level and sufficient sunshine was available during the experimental period. The seeds of wheat variety BARI gom-30 and mustard variety BARI Sarisha-16 were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur. The experimental plot was ploughed and cross ploughed with the help of disc plough and harrow. The land was finally leveled with leveler to ensure uniform application of water. The lay-out of the experiment was done by maintaining 5m x 2m plot having 0.5m gap between two main plot as well as sub-plot; 1.0m between two replications. The whole plot was fertilized with the chemical fertilizers @ 100-80-30-20 kg ha^-1 of N, P₂O₅, K₂O and S from their sources of urea, TSP, MoP and Gypsum, respectively. The whole amount of all fertilizers except urea was applied as a basal dose during final land preparation. The urea fertilizer was applied as two equal installments; 50% as basal dose and rest before flowering. The wheat and mustard seeds were sown on November 24, 2015. The spacing was maintained as per treatments.The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications.The treatments were: i) Sole wheat (T₁), ii) Sole mustard (T₂), iii) Wheat-mustard in 2:1 row ratios (T₃), iv) Wheat-mustard in 3:1 row ratios (T₄), v) Wheat-mustard in 4:1 row ratios (T₅), vi) Wheat-mustard in 5:1 row ratios (T₆), vii) Wheat-mustard in 2:2 row ratios (T₇), viii) Wheat-mustard in 3:2 row ratios (T₈), ix) Wheat-mustard in 4:2 row ratios (T₉) and x) Wheat- mustard in 5:2 row ratios (T₁₀). Water was ensured to the field in such a way that there should not have any scarcity of water that affects the experiment. Two hand weeding were done for all the treatments. The field was infested by different insects and diseases those controlled by applying appropriate ways in time. The mustard was harvested on 100 days after sowing and wheat after 120 days of sowing. Ten plants per plot for both wheat and mustard were randomly selected for collecting yield contributing and other relevant data like plant height, no. of spikes plant^-1, no. of grains spike^-1 and 1000 grain weight for wheat and plant height, no. of siliqua plant^-1, no. of seeds siliqua^-1 and 1000 seed weight for mustard. The seed yield of both the crops and wheat equivalent yield, land equivalent ratio, gross return, net return and benefit cost ratio were also recorded. Statistical analyses were done by using the Crop Stat computer package and the mean differences among the treatments were compared by least significant difference test at 5 % level of significance following Gomez and Gomez (1984).

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agron. J. 2019, 22(2): 161-169

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/baj.v22i2.47644

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the findings of the present experiment, it may be concluded that intercropping of wheat and mustard with three rows of wheat and one row of mustard was the most compatible and this combination gave the higher wheat equivalent yield (5.03 t ha^-1), LER (1.45), net return (Tk. 61178.0 ha^-1) and BCR (2.04) over normal planting of wheat.

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