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Shelf Life and Economic Analysis of Broccoli (brassica Oleracea Var. Italica L.) as Influenced by Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium and Molybdenum

J Ferdousi*
Department of Horticulture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

M Zakaria
Department of Horticulture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gajipur, Bangladesh

M I Hossain
Senior Scientific Officer, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

M Saha
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study on the shelf life and economic analysis of broccoli under different fertilizer treatments combinations were carried out both in the field and laboratory of Horticulture Department, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, during 10 October 2007 to 28 February 2008. There were 13 treatments viz. control (no application of fertilizer) (T1), N45P30K50MO0.3 (T2), N90P30K50MO0.3 (T3), N135P30K50MO0.3 (T4), N90P0K50MO0.3 (T5), N90P60K50MO0.3 (T6), N90P90K50MO0.3 (T7), N90P30K0MO0.3 (T8), N90P30K25MO0.3 (T9), N90P30K75MO0.3 (T10), N90P30K50MO0.0 (T11), N90P30K50MO0.1 (T12), and N90P30K50MO0.5 (T13). Cowdung was applied @10 t ha^-1 as basal dose in each case. The maximum shelf life (15.05 days) was observed with no application of inorganic fertilizer and kept at 4⁰C in polythene bag wrapping the broccoli curd. The maximum gross return per hectare (Tk. 3, 66, 740 ha^-1 ) and net benefit (Tk. 2, 56, 182 ha^-1 ) were found in T4 (N135P30K50MO0.3) followed by T7 (N90P90K50MO0.3) (Tk. 3,36,380 and 2, 17, 457, respectively) and the minimum values (Tk. 1, 22, 100 and 21,546, respectively) being noted in T1 (control). The highest cost benefit ratio (3.32) was found in T4 (N135P30K50MO 0.3). Considering the yield of broccoli and the benefit cost ratio, nutrient application of N, P, K, and Mo @ 135, 30, 50, and 0.3 kg ha^-1, respectively are the optimum doses for growing broccoli in shallow Red-Brown Terrace Soil of Salna series, Gazipur.

Keywords: Shelf life, Broccoli, Benefit cost ratio, Inorganic fertilizers, Net benefit

Location: Field and laboratory of Horticulture Department, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur

Start Date: 10-10-2007

End Date: 28-02-2008

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Fertilizer, Broccoli

Objectives:

1. To know the effect of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and molybdenum on shelf life of broccoli. 2. To do economic analyses from the utilization of optimum dose of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and molybdenum in broccoli production.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Horticultural Research Farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur during the period from 10 October, 2007 to 28 February, 2008. The experimental site is located at the centre of Madhupur Tract 24.090 N latitude and 90.260 E longitudes and at 8.5 meter above the sea level (Anonymous, 1989). Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) cv. Premium was used as a plant material. There were 13 treatments viz. control (no application of fertilizer) (T1 ), N45P30K50MO0.3 (T2), N90P30K50MO0.3 (T3), N135P30K50MO0.3 (T4), N90P0K50MO0.3 (T5), N90P60K50MO0.3 (T6), N90P90K50MO0.3 (T7), N90P30K0MO0.3 (T8), N90P30K25MO0.3 (T9), N90P30K75MO0.3 (T10), N90P30K50MO0.0 (T11), N90P30K50MO0.1 (T12), and N90P30K50MO0.5 (T13). Cowdung applied 10 t ha^-1 as per recommended doses. The source of N, P, K and Mo were urea, triple super phosphate (TSP), muriate of potash (MoP) and ammonium molybdate, respectively. Total quantity of cowdung, TSP and ammonium molybdate were applied as broadcast and incorporated during final land preparation in individual plot as per treatment. Urea and MoP were applied in three installments 50% at the time of land preparation and the rest 50% were applied at two installments (15 and 30 days after transplanting). The treatments were randomly allocated in each block. In each plot 18 plants were accommodated. Block to block and plot to plot distances were 0.75 m. The size of each unit plot was 3 m x 1.8 m = 5.4 m². The plants were spaced with 60 × 502 cm spacing (Rashid, 1983 and Anon. 1991). During the experimental period normal cultivation procedures such as manure and fertilizer application, mulching, weeding, irrigation and others application were followed. The crop was harvested during 10 January to 30 January, 2008. The Broccoli curd was harvested before the buds opened (Thompson and Kelly, 1985). Shelf life of broccoli was studied after harvesting under following storage conditions. 1. Stored in open at room temperature (24⁰C) 2. Stored in sealed polythene bags at 4⁰C in refrigerator. Three mature broccoli curds were assigned for each treatment. Visual and sensory quality was observed in daily basis. The change of florets color (just started to yellowing) was recorded by eye estimation. The shelf life experiment was laid out in two factors completely randomized design (CRD) with thirteen fertilizer combinations and two storage conditions. The collected data were analyzed statistically with the help of “MSTATC” program. The mean values for all the treatments were calculated and analysis of variance for each of the characters was performed and mean differences among the treatment were done by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Economic evaluation of different fertilizer combinations was done through partial budgeting and dominant analysis followed by marginal analysis of the cost undominated treatments as suggested by Perrins et al. (1979). Gross return and variable cost were calculated considering the following rates: Broccoli 22 Tk. kg^-1 , Urea 6.5 Tk. kg^-1, TSP 30 Tk. kg^-1, MP 30 Tk. kg^-1, ammonium molybdate 2000 Tk. kg^-1 and Cowdung 1100 Tk. ton^-1.

Benefit cost ratio (BCR) was calculated using the following formula: BCR = Gross Return/Total variable cost

Water content (%) The fresh samples were weighed and sun dried for 72 hours then oven dried for 48 hours at 80 ⁰C temperature to make them totally water free. Water content (%) was determined by using the following formula: % Water =Fresh weight – Dry weight/Fresh weight x Fresh weight

Source of Information: J. Sylhet Agril. Univ. 1(1):29-33, 2014 ISSN: 2308-1597

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The findings of the study led to the following conclusions: Shelf life of broccoli may be improved through use of organic fertilizer only and preserved at 24⁰C at open conditions. Gross return and net benefit were the highest in T4 treatment (135 kg N, 30 kg P, 50 kg K and 0.3 kg Mo ha^-1 ) and benefit cost ratio was maximum (3.32) in T4 followed by T7 (2.83).

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