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An Experimental Study on Effects of Wheatgrass (triticum Aestivum) Juice on Low Density Lipoprotien (ldl) Level in Blood of Experimentally Induced Hypercholesterolaemic Male Long Evans Rat

ROKHSANA DIL AFROZ
Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College, Dhaka

ABU SADAT MOHAMMAD NURUNNABI
Lecturer, Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka

MD. ISMAIL KHAN
Professor and Head, Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experimental study was done to observe the hypocholesterolaemic effect of wheatgrass (Triticum aestivum) juice on experimentally induced hypercholesterolaemic rats, especially on serum low density lipoprotein (LDL) level, which was carried out in the Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, between July, 2009 and June, 2010. A total number of 48 healthy adult male Long Evans rats (Norwegian strain) were used for the present study. 6 rats were taken in each group of total 8 groups treated differently with 1 control group. Rats of the first 5 groups were sacrificed at 29 th day and their serum total cholesterol levels were measured. The rest of the rats were sacrificed at 57 th day and their serum total cholesterol levels were measured. The mean serum LDL of 10ml/kg grass juice fed normal rats was decreased by 11.64% than that of the laboratory diet fed control group (P<0.01). Serum LDL of the group of rats treated with 10ml/kg grass juice and1% cholesterol diet were decreased by 36.59% than that of the hypercholesterolaemic control group (P<0.001). Serum LDL of the hypercholesterolaemic rats treated with 10ml/kg grass juice for 28 days were decreased by 29.10%, and in hypercholesterolaemic rats treated with 20ml/kg grass juice for 28 days were decreased by 39.46% (P<0.001). Reduction of LDL as evident on hypercholesterolaemic rats treated with 20ml/kg grass juice, which was similar to hypercholesterolaemic rats treated with 0.14mg/kg Atorvastatin for 28 days.

Keywords: Wheatgrass juice, Hypercholesterolaemia, Low density lipoprotein (LDL), Long Evans rat.

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Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Resource Development and Management

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

The current study was designed to observe the effect of wheatgrass (T. aestivum) juice on increased low density lipoprotien (LDL) on experimentally induced hypercholesterolaemic rats.

Methodology:

Animals: The experiments was carried out upon Long Evans Rats (Rattus rattus) (Norwegian strain), which were obtained from Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka. A total number of 48 adult male rats, aged 2-3 months and weighing about 140- 200 grams were included in this study. They were kept in the animal house of the Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. The rats were kept in cages, acclimatized at 26-29°C and humidity, with a 12 hour light and dark cycle. They were allowed free access to standard laboratory diet and water ad libitum. Animals were randomly distributed into eight (8) groups having six (6) rats in each group. 2. Drugs and chemicals: a) Fresh common wheat grass (Triticum aestivum) juice: The wheatgrass (T. aestivum) used in this study was grown in the roof top garden. When grass was about 6 inches tall, it was cut ½ inch above the surface of soil. Twenty grams of harvested fresh grass was grounded by grinder with 10ml of sterile water and the juice was squeezed out through four layers of wet muslin cloth. The filtrate was made to 20 ml final volume with sterile water and administered as grass juice. Each day the fresh juice was prepared prior to administration. b) Distilled water; c) Standard laboratory diet; d) Fatty mixture: 1% cholesterol diet was prepared by dissolving 1gm of cholesterol in 100ml of olive oil, according to Jesmin11 . 3. Kits for the estimation of serum cholesterol: Serum cholesterol was estimated by cholesterol liquicolor CHOD-PAP-Method (enzymatic colorimetric test with lipid clearing factor). The experiment was carried out in the Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from July, 2009 to June, 2010. As described earlier, a total number of 48 healthy adult male Long Evans rats were used for the present study. Experiment design: Group A: This control group consists of six rats received standard laboratory diet and distilled water for 28 days. Group B: This group of rats was fed standard laboratory diet, distilled water and 10ml/kg 1% cholesterol diet through feeding tube for 28 days, according to Amin12 . Group C: This group was fed standard laboratory diet and 10ml/kg grass juice. Group D: This hypercholesterolaemic control group received standard laboratory diet and 10ml/kg 1% cholesterol diet for 28 days. Group E: This group had received 1% Cholesterol diet along with 10ml/kg fresh wheat grass juice to observe the preventive effect of grass juice. Group F: This group received 10ml/kg 1% cholesterol diet for 28 days followed by 10ml/kg fresh grass juice for next 28 days. Group G: This group was fed 10ml/kg 1% cholesterol diet for 28 days followed by 20ml/kg fresh grass juice for next 28 days. Group H: This group received 10ml/kg 1% cholesterol diet for 28 days followed by 0.14 mg/kg Atorvastatin (a lipid lowering agent) for next 28 days, according to Jesmin (2006).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J Physiol Pharmacol 2014;30(2):18-24

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Achievement/Findings:

The present study demonstrated LDL lowering effect of fresh wheatgrass (T. aestivum) juice at hyperlipidaemic state. To the best of our knowledge, any study on the lipid lowering effect of wheatgrass juice in hyperlipidaemic condition has not been done in our country previously. Therefore, the result could not be correlated further with those of others. Further investigations are recommended to reconfirm and identify the hypolipidaemic mechanism of action. However, toxicological study should also be done before any clinical use.

Knowledge Management: Journal