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Yield Potential of Onion as Influenced by Soil Test Basis Nutrient Management

M. S. Naher
Scientific Officer
Spicies Research Centre, BARI,Shibganj, Bogura, Bangladesh

F. Islam
Professor
Dept. of Agroforestry and Environmental Science,Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka- 1207, Bangladesh

M. A. Islam
Senior Scientific Officer
Spicies Research Centre, BARI, Shibganj, Bogura, Bangladesh

M. M. Islam
Scientific Research Officer
Potatoes New Brunswick, Grand Falls, NB Canada

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment on onion (cv. BARI Piaj-4) was conducted during three consecutive years 2016-17, 2017-18 and 2018-19 at the research field of Spices Research Centre (level Barind Tract, AEZ 25), BARI, Shibganj, Bogura, Bangladesh to determine the optimum doses of Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Sulphur (S), Zinc (Zn) and Boron (B) for maximization of bulb yield of onion. The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications having six different levels of fertilizer doses i.e. T1 (Control), T2 (STB dose), T3 (STB + 15% extra of STB), T4 (STB + 30% extra of STB), T5 (STB + 45% extra of STB) and T6 (Farmer’s practice). The nutrient management treatments positively influenced plant height, leaf length, number of leaves plant^-1, bulb diameter, marketable yield and total yield per hectare. The best results with regard to number of leaves plant^-1 (5.98), bulb length (7.21 cm), bulb diameter (5.52 cm), single bulb weight (43.07g) and bulb yield (19.83 t ha^-1) were obtained from the treatment T5. Considering the yield contributing parameters in onion production, the most suitable nutrient management package was STB + 45% extra of STB but the highest marginal benefit cost ratio (7.60) was obtained in T2 (STB dose). N, P, K, S, Zn, B doses of 120, 54, 78, 30, 4.2, 1.5 kg ha^-1, respectively is recommended for maximum onion bulb production in this location.

Keywords: Yield, Onion, Nutrient. Soil Test, Marginal benefit cost ratio

Location: Spices Research Centre , BARI, Shibganj, Bogura, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2016

End Date: 00-00-2019

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Soil quality, Onion

Objectives:

To evaluate the response of onion to higher doses of nutrients and to determine the profitability.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out at the research field of Spices Research Centre, Shibganj, Bogura, Bangladesh during three consecutive years 2016-17, 2017-18 and 2018-19 to determine the optimum dose of fertilizer for maximization of bulb yield of onion. The experimental site situated at 24°51′ N latitude and 89°22' E longitudes belongs to the AEZ-25, level Barind Tract. It has sub-tropical climate with an average annual rainfall of 1762 mm. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. BARI Piaz-4 was used as the test materials in this trial. Composite soil samples (0-15 cm depth) were collected from the selected fields for determining the initial nutrient status of soil. The unit plot size was 3 m x 2.5 m. One-third of N and whole amount of PKSZnB were applied at the time of final land preparation in the form of Urea, Triple super phosphate, muriate of potash, Gypsum, Zinc sulphate and Borax respectively. The remaining 2/3rd urea were applied in two equal installments during 3rd and 5th week after transplanting as top dress. Onion seedlings of 45 days old were transplanted on 15 December, 2018. The row-to-row and plant-to- plant spacing were 10 cm and 10 cm, respectively. Weeding and mulching were done as and when necessary to keep the crop free from weeds and to pulverize the soil. The young plants were irrigated by water cane. Three-irrigation were given during the cropping period. For the prevention of cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon) soil treatment was done with Furadan 3G @ 20 kg ha^-1. Purple blotch disease was controlled by spraying Rovral 50 WP and Amister Top, respectively in due time. Bolting was discouraged by nipping off the flower stalks whenever they appeared during the growing period of the crop. The crop was harvested on 6 April 2019 when 80% of the plants showed the sign of maturity by drying out most of the leaves and they collapsed at the neck of the tops. The plant height and number of leaves plant^-1 was recorded from randomly selected ten plants collected from each unit plots during maximum vegetative stage. The yield attributes of onion were recorded from the randomly selected ten plants collected from each unit plots during harvest. The bulb yield was taken plot-wise and thereafter converted into ton per hectare. Data were analyzed using R statistical software (http://www.R-project.org). Data of yield and yield contributing traits were analyzed by analysis of variance (the agricolae R package and aov function; De Mendiburu, 2017).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Environ. Sci., Vol. 37, 21-24, 2019

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Application of fertilizer on STB dose the highest marginal benefit cost ratio (7.60). The STB nutrient dose (N120P54K78S30Zn4.2B1.5 kg ha-¹) for bulb production of onion is the best nutrient management package in AEZ-25 (Level Barind Tract).

Knowledge Management: Journal