Biplab Kumar Mandal
Department of Zoology, Jagannath University, 9-10, Chittaranjan Avenue, Dhaka, Bangladesh Jagannath University
Md. Ashik Jahan Galib,
Department of Zoology, Jagannath University, 9-10, Chittaranjan Avenue, Dhaka, Bangladesh Jagannath University
Nasrin Sultana
Department of Zoology, Jagannath University, 9-10, Chittaranjan Avenue, Dhaka, Bangladesh Jagannath University
Archana Das
Department of Zoology, Jagannath University, 9-10, Chittaranjan Avenue, Dhaka, Bangladesh Jagannath University
Mango, Litchi, Successful pollination rates, Dust precipitation, Fruit falling rates
Savar radio Colony, Savar Military Farm and Jahangirnagar University Campus
Quality and Nutrition
Study Area The study areas were selected based on the rate of pollution mainly by dust. The three main study areas were Savar radio Colony, Savar Military Farm and Jahangirnagar University Campus. Savar is an Upazila of Dhaka District in the Division of Dhaka, Bangladesh. It is located at a distance of about 24 kilometres to the northwest of Dhaka city and a total area of 280.13 square kilometres. The land of the upazila is composed of alluvium soil of the Pleistocene period. The altitude gradually increases from the east to the west. The southern part of the upazila is composed of the alluvium soil of the Bangshi and Dhaleshwari rivers. Main rivers are Bangshi, Turag, Buriganga and Karnatali. The Bangshi River has become polluted due to industrial waste. As of the 2011 Bangladesh census, Savar Upazila had a population of 1,387,426. Savar is one of the highest profile industrial area causing serious pollution to the environment as well as water body. The Jahangirnagar University Campus stands on the west side of the Asian Highway, popularly known as the Dhaka-Aricha Road, and is 32 kilometers away from the capital. Spread over a land area of 697.56 acres (2.8 km²). The topography of the land with its gentle rise & plains is shooting to the eye. Savar Radio Colony and Military farm, savar also stand on the side of the Asian Highway, in the centre of savar upazila. Savar Radio Colony stands along with Military Farm, Savar. Ecological condition of these two places as like the Jahangirnagar University on the basis of same geographical region. Plants and Animals species found more or less, as same as the university campus. Materials During the beginning of each survey the buds of the tree (Mango, Mangifera indica; liche, Litchi chinensis) were selected. The length of buds using thread, scale and point compass were measured, also the number of buds by the counter were counted. Then the data in the data sheet using pencil were recorded. For further observation the buds were marked with tape and marker pen and also took some snaps by using camera (Canon-1100D). For the collection of leaves, at first the leaf was selected and cut it with scissor then wrapped it with tissue and carefully put it in the plastic box. In order to measure the amount of dust, electric balancer was used in the laboratory and collected the data on data sheet and also used a binocular to identify the pollinator. Methods Due to the shortage of suitable information regarding the effects of road dust on rural production, this study entailed a search for raw data, both objective and subjective, which was adapted, integrated and extrapolated to provide a basis for making assumptions and for conducting sensitivity analyses of possible effects. The general procedure of the study is as follows. 1. Selection of possible study sites 2. Measuring and counting of bud 3. Measuring the amount of dust. Working Procedure The study sites were selected based on the rate of dust precipitation. The three main study areas were Savar radio Colony, Savar Military Farm and Jahangirnagar University Campus. For both mango and litchi, three different spots were selected for the study-a spot nearest to the road where dust density in the air is much rich. Second one was, anyway, 100m away from the road sides where dust is relatively low. The last site was at least 200m far from the road, and in calm and forested areas where there were minimum chances for the roadside dust to reach. In the research, the procedure maintained was as per the following sequence, both for mango and litchi- 1. Twenty (mango) and three (litchi) trees were selected randomly at three study sites; varieties of the plant was not taken in count. At each tree, some leaves and buds were selected and marked; 3. The selected leaves were properly cleared so that no unwanted dust remained attached to them, thus, all dusts were wiped out using tissue, and water, wherever necessary. The measurements regarding the bud and sub-bud lengths were taken using normal scale and compass. 5. The number of unit flowers was counted, for each bud. 6. After a few (7-10) days, the previously selected and cleared plant leaves were collected, wrapped with a tissue paper of a particular size and brand. Rainfall was a factor during the study time and it was noticed that, the exact time of dust precipitation could be recorded. Measurement of the weight of a single leaf with dust and tissue paper and then the leaf it was taken at the Laboratory of the Department of Chemistry, Jagannath University, Dhaka uses a sensitive Electric Balance. Deducting the weight of tissue and cleared leaf, dust weight was calculated. When the fruits arrived, their number at each bud was taken in count. After a few days, a second count was taken to determine the falling by that time.
Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2016; 4(4): 1185-1191
Journal