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Management of Helicoverpa Armigera (hubner) Infesting Tomato Using Biopesticides Under Field Condition and Its Effect on Tomato Yield

Md. Khademul Islam
Ispahani Agro Limited (Biotech Wing), Gazipur, Bangladesh

Mohammad Tofazzal Hossain Howlader
Insect Biotechnology and Biopesticide Laboratory, Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Kazi Shahanara Ahmed
Insect Biotechnology and Biopesticide Laboratory, Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The tomato fruit borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) is a very destructive insect pest of tomato affecting its yield. We, hereby, assessed four biopesticides applied individually viz. Spinosad, Emamectin benzoate, Abamectin, and Lecanicillium lecanii and a chemical insecticide (Cartap) for the management of it under field conditions and effects on tomato yield. The efficacy was evaluated based on percent fruit infestation, healthy fruits, number of healthy and infested fruits per sq. meter and yield of marketable and infested fruits (ton/ha). We have found that all the tested biopesticides significantly reduced the fruit infestation caused by H. armigera and thereafter increased the marketable yield of tomato. However, the Spinosad was found as the most effective biopesticide considering the reduction of percent fruit infestation, increasing the fruit yield and decreasing the infested fruit yield which was followed by Emamectin benzoate, Abamectin, Cartap, and L. lecanii, respectively. The highest percentage of healthy fruits (81.82%) and the lowest fruit infestation (18.18%) were recorded when the tomato plants were treated with the Spinosad. Moreover, 48.09% of fruits were protected from infestation when Spinosad was used. The highest marketable yield (24.01 ton/ha) and lowest infested yield (2.26 ton/ha) were obtained from Spinosad treated plots. The application of Emamectin benzoate, Abamectin, Cartap, and L. lecanii provided 20.77, 19.76, 15.23 and 13.67 (ton/ha) marketable yield, respectively. It is therefore concluded that the application of Spinosad performed as the most effective ones against tomato fruit borer and it could be suggested for effective management of tomato fruit borer

Keywords: Efficacy, Tomato fruit borer, Biopesticides, Spinosad

Location: The field laboratory of the Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-11-2017

End Date: 00-03-2018

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Tomato, Pesticide

Objectives:

To identify and Management of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) infesting tomato using biopesticides under field condition and its effect on tomato yield

Methodology:

Experimental layout and location: The research was carried out in the field laboratory of the Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University from November 2017 to March 2018. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications maintaining 6 treatments including untreated control. Variety, land preparation, and plant development The Roma VF tomato variety was used as the host plant. The seedlings were collected from Horticulture Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University; Mymensingh. The land was prepared with a power tiller followed by laddering and leveling the surface of the soil. Cow dung and other inorganic fertilizers were applied as per recommended doses (Rashid, 1993). The size of a unit plot was 1.5 m × 1.0 m. A distance of 1.0 m between blocks and 0.5 m between the plots was maintained to facilitate different intercultural operations. Twenty-five days old seedlings were transplanted at the main field. Irrigation and other inter-cultural operations were performed as per recommendations Selection of the biopesticides, doses, and spraying Four biopesticides, a chemical insecticide as a positive check were selected. They were as follows: T1-Control (Untreated), T2- Suntap 50SP (Cartap) @2g/L, T3- Noclaim 5SG (Emamectin Benzoate) @1g/L, T4- Mycotal (Lecanicillium lecanii) @2g/L, T5-Tracer 45SC (Spinosad) @1ml/L, T6-Ambush 1.8EC (Abamectin) @1.5ml/L. The Ambush 1.8 EC, Tracer 45SC and the Noclaim 5SGwere brought from the local market, Mymensingh and the L.lecanii was from MYCOTAL of Koppert Biological Systems collected from collection of “The Insect Biotechnology and Biopesticide Laboratory”, Department of Entomology, BAU, Mymensingh. The field was monitored regularly to confirm the infestation level and when considerable fruits were found to be infested, then spraying was initiated. A total of two sprays applied at 12 days interval after pests (H. armigera) had infested. Spraying was started at 9.00 am to avoid bright sunshine and drift caused by strong wind. Data collection parameters and procedures Data were collected on 3, 7 and 10 days after spraying (DAS). The following parameters: Number of total, healthy and infested fruits per plot, percent fruit infestation, percent fruit protection over control, number of healthy or marketable fruits/m2 , yield (t/ha) of infested fruits, yield (t/ha) of marketable fruits, increase of marketable fruit yield (times) over control were considered for the efficacy evaluation of the selected bio-pesticides. Data was calculated of the above-mentioned parameters as per the formula and procedures described earlier by Khatun et al. (2015) and Khatun et al. (2016). Data analysis: All the recorded data were compiled and tabulated for statistical analysis. Analysis of variance was done with the help of a computer statistical package Statistix 10. The mean differences among the treatments were adjudged with Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) and Least Significant Difference (LSD) when necessary

Source of Information: J Bangladesh Agril Univ 18(1): 1–5, 2020

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.5455/JBAU.93660

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Based on this study, it is thus concluded that the application of Spinosad is more effective against tomato fruit borer returning the maximum marketable yield and minimum infested yield of tomatoes. This treatment, therefore, could be recommended to the tomato growers for the effective management of tomato fruit borer (H armigera). In addition, we have also found that the use of Emamectin benzoate performed second best treatment. Hence, in addition to Spinosad, Emamectin benzoate could also be suggested for the effective management of tomato fruit borer (H. armigera), where Spinosad is not available.

Knowledge Management: Journal