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Genetic Analysis and Agronomic Performance of Local Rice Genotypes Under Salinity Stress

Md Mamunur Rashid
Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh-2202.

Ashrafi Ferdoush
Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh-2202.

Lutful Hassan*
Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh-2202.

Shamsun Nahar Begum
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Ten rice genotypes including seven landraces and three released varieties were used as plant material to study genetic divergence using multivariate analysis. Ten genotypes fell into three distinct clusters. The distribution pattern revealed maximum number of genotypes in cluster I and III while cluster II included minimum number of genotypes. The inter-cluster distances in all of the cases were higher than that of intra-cluster distances suggesting wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different clusters. The intra-cluster distances in all the three clusters were low indicating the genotypes within the same clusters were closely related. Maximum genetic distance was observed between cluster I and cluster III. The genotype of cluster I with the cumulative ranking 1, for those traits like days to maturity, days to 50% flowering, plant height, panicle length, number of filled grains panicle^-1, Fertility percent and yield panicle^-1. In case of principal component analysis the first three components of the principal component with eigen values >1 contributed 83.00 percent variability existing in the rice genotypes for yield contributing traits in the study. Thus the results of principal component analysis revealed, wide genetic variability exists in this rice germplasm accessions. High salt tolerant traits with high genetic variability are expected to provide high level of gene transfer during breeding programs.

Keywords: Genetic diversity, Principal component, Rice genotypes, Salinity stress

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Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

The present investigation was undertaken to estimate the nature and magnitude of genetic diversity and the maximum number of variance with fewest number of principal component in rice genotypes.

Methodology:

The study was conducted during the period from June to December 2015 at the experimental field of the Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh. Ten rice genotypes including seven landraces (Hogla, Dakh Shail, Kute Patnai, Ghunshi, Mondeshor, Tal Mugur, Nona Bokhra) and three released varieties (Binadhan-8, Binadhan-10 and BRRI dhan47) were used as plant material. Randomized Complete Block Design with five replications and three different salt treatments viz., EC-6 dSm^-1, EC-8 dSm^-1, EC-12 dSm^-¹ with one control condition were used in this study. Management practices such as irrigation and fertilization were applied by following the standard procedures (IRRI 2002). Other intercultural operations were done whenever necessary. Morphological data were recorded at appropriate growth stage of rice plant following the standard evaluation system indicated by IRRI (IRRI 2002). The data were recorded on days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm), panicle length (cm), number of effective tillers plant^-1, number of filled grains panicle^-1, number of unfilled grains panicle^-1, fertility (%), 1000 seed weight (g) and yield panicle^-¹ (g). Genetic diversity was worked out following principal component analysis (Rao 1964; Mahalanobis’ 1936) generalized distance (D²) analysis extended by (Rao 1952). Clustering of genotypes was done according to Tochers method (Rao 1952). Multivariate analysis viz. principal component analysis, cluster analysis were performed using GENSTAT 5.13 program.

Source of Information: ISSN: 2518-2021 (Print), 2415-4474 (Online) Fundam Appl Agric 2017, 2(2): 243-246

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Achievement/Findings:

Genetic diversity among the genotypes Hogla, Kute Patni, Ghunshi, Tal Mugur and Nona Bokhra should be highlighted for the development of salt tolerant rice varieties and the phenotypic value of the each trait measures the importance and contribution of each component to total variance. Thus, the prominent characters coming together in different principal components and contributing towards explaining the variability and have the affinity to remain together into consideration during utilization of these characters in breeding program.

Knowledge Management: Journal