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Suitability and Efficacy of Potato as Prebiotic on the Growth Performance of Catla (catla Catla)

TANIA SULTANA TANDRA
Department of Aquaculture Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

MD. FAZLE ROHANI
Department of Aquaculture Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

MD. HAMIDUR RAHMAN
Department of Aquaculture Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

MD. MOJAHIDUL ISLAM
Department of Aquaculture Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

MD. SAZZAD HOSSAIN
Department of Aquaculture Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The aim of the study was to evaluate the suitability and efficacy of potato as prebiotic compound on the growth performance and survival rate of Catla catla. The experiment was carried out under 4 different treatments each with 3 replications for 63 days. The diets of T₁, T₂, T3 and T₄ contained 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% potato respectively. All four diets had a constant inclusion level of the following ingredients: fish meal 30%, rice bran 30%, mustard oil cake 12%, molasses 5%, soybean oil 4% and vitamin and mineral premix 1%.The final weight (g), weight gain (g), food conversion ratio (FCR), specific growth rate (%/day) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were compared among the four treatments. Highest weight gain and specific growth rate were observed in T₄ and lowest in T₁. Highest FCR (6.18±0.10) was found in T1 and the lowest FCR (3.59±0.18) was found in T4. Highest PER (0.90±0.009) was found in T4 followed by T3, T2 and the lowest PER was found in T1 (0.55±0.005). Maximum gut microbiota was found in T4 (9.6×107) and T2 (7.5×104) in case of TSA agar media and CFU/ml, respectively.The best growth performance of C. catla was obtained from 15% potato containing diet. The study suggests that potato may be a suitable prebiotic for C. catla.

Keywords: Prebiotic, FCR, PER, Gut microbiota,Catla catla.

Location: Fisheries complex hatchery adjacent area of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Carp fish

Objectives:

To evaluate the suitability and efficacy of potato as prebiotic compound on the growth performance and survival rate of Catla catla.

Methodology:

Experimental design: The experiment was conducted in 12 glass aquaria (60L capacity) considering four treatments. Treatment 1,Treatment 2, Treatment 3 , and treatment 4 each having three replications. The diets for T₁, T₂, T₃, T₄ contained 0%Potato, 5% Potato, 10% Potato and 15% Potato, respectively. C. catla fingerlings having an initial weight of 7.5 g were randomly distributed at a rate of 12 fish per aquaria. Sufficient level of dissolved oxygen in each aquarium was maintained with artificial aeration during the experimental period. The water temperature in the experimental aquaria ranged from 27.6-29.63°C. All the aquaria were kept on 1m high wooden table to facilitate better observation and accessibility. About 30% of water from each aquarium was changed daily during the removal of uneaten feed and faces. Sample collection and acclimatization: Fingerlings of C. catla were collected from Fisheries complex hatchery adjacent area of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Transportation of fingerlings was done in oxygenated polyethylene bag to avoid stress and injury. During three days acclimation period, adequate oxygen supply was maintained through artificial aeration and fish were feed formulated pelleted feed. Feed formulation: The basal experimental diet was formulated with the commonly available ingredients aspresented.The proximate compositions of the commonly available igredients in the experimental diets are presented in Table II and the proximate compositions of the formulated diet are presented in Table III. Four graded levels of potato 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% were included in the basal diet. The ingredients were ground, weighed, mixed, made dough of feed ingredients and pelleted with meat mincer through a 0.5 mm diameter. After pelleting, the feed were air dried and put in an air-tight container and stored at -20°C until fed. Proximate composition analysis: Proximate composition of different feed ingredients and prepared feeds were analyzed following Association of Officials Analytical Chemists (AOAC 2000) methods. Estimation of growth performance: At the end of the experiment the growth performance of C. catla in terms of weight gain (g), specific growth rate (%/day), Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), Feed Conversion Efficiency (FCE) and Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER)were calculated. Water quality parameters: The water quality parameters such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH were monitored biweekly throughout the study period to evaluate the environmental quality of aquaria. Data analysis: The collected data were subjected to a one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) by Microsoft Excel and XL-Stat (Ver. 2013). The level of significance was set at p<0.05 to see whether the influence of different treatments on these parameters were significant or not. The means of different treatment were compared by Duncan Multiple Range Test (Duncan 1955) to examine the significance of variation between the treatment means.The graphs were made using MS Excel.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Fish. (2019) 31(2) : 221-227

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In this experiment the gut microbiota of C. catla was measured for different treatments after rearing of 63 days in aquarium. The highest bacterial load in TSA agar media was 9.6×10CFU/ml found in treatment 4 (15% potato) and lowest was 1.7×10 CFU/ml in treatment 1 (control); in case of the MSA agar media the highest bacterial load was 7.5×10CFU/ml in treatment 2 (5% potato) and lowest was 5.7×10 CFU/ml in treatment 1 (control). The lowest bacterial colony in both agar media was found in treatment 1 (control). Hovda et al. (2007) reported that culturable bacterial levels recovered on TSA agar plates from groups exposed to saline were relatively low, ranging from log 1.72 to 2.34 CFU/g. These values are low compared to autochthonous levels previously reported in Atlantic salmon (Merrifield et al. 2009). Salinas et al. (2008) exposed to Carnobacterium divergens in the ex vivo studies the sameC. divergens strain was identified to dominate both the PI and DI after exposure. C. divergens levels were in the range of 104-106 CFU/g intestines which indicates that the bacteria are able to populate and potentially colonize the intestinal mucus and out-compete other adherent bacteria after only one hour of exposure. These results are in accordance with corresponding studies in that lactic acid bacteria are able to colonize the intestine of Atlantic salmon after one hour exposure. In the present study the water temperature in the experimental tanks varied from 26.3 to 29.7°C. Boyd (1982) reported that the range of water temperature from 26.06 to 3l.97°C is suitable for fish culture. Hossain (2004) measured the water temperature in ponds of BAU campus, Mymensingh ranged from 29.4 to 33.0°C and 26.0 to 32.8⁰C, respectively. From the above statement, water temperature in aquarium was similar of pond temperature. The dissolved oxygen content from present experiment ranged from 8.3 to 9.4mg/l. In this experiment pH value was recorded 7.98 to 8.20. The recorded parameters in the experiments were within the optimum range for fingerlings rearing.

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