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Culture and Production of Spirulina (spirulina Platensis) in Supernatant of Digested Rotten Potato

M. A. B. HABIB
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

M. S. MUNNI
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Z. FERDOUS
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted to evaluate culture and growth performance of spirulina (Spirulina platensis) in supernatant of three different amount of digested rotten potato (DRP), and Kosaric medium (KM) as control. Three different concentrations such as 25, 50 and 75% of DRP were digested under aeration and the reddish white coloured supernatant was collected. Spirulina was inoculated in supernatant of DRP with the addition of 9.0 g/L NaHCO₃ and micronutrients, and KM for a period of 14 days. The cell weight of spirulina was attained a maximum of 11.48 ±1.25 mg/L in KM followed by 11.46±1.03, 9.16±0.84 and 8.13±0.73 mg/L in supernatant of 50, 25 and 75% DRP, respectively on the 10th day of culture. Similar trend was also observed in the cases of optical density, chlorophyll a, total biomass, specific growth rates and total biomass of spirulina. Cell weight of spirulina grown in these media had highly significant (p<0.01) correlation with the chlorophyll a content and total biomass. The growth performance of spirulina grown in supernatant of 50% DRP was significantly higher than that of spirulina grown in supernatant of 25 and 75% DRP. The percentage of crude protein (55.15%) of spirulina grown in supernatant of DRP was little bit lower than that of spirulina cultured in KM (58.70%). The crude lipids (17.15%) of spirulina cultured in supernatant of 50% DRP was almost two and half times higher than that of spirulina grown in KM (6.33%). It indicates that for the production of spirulina with high lipid content, supernatant of DRP may be used. Therefore, mass culture of S. platensis may be done in supernatant of 50% DRP.

Keywords: Spirulina, Rotten potato, Kosaric medium

Location: KR market, BAU, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Potato

Objectives:

To study the culture and growth performance and proximate composition of S. platensis in the supernatant of digested rotten potato.

Methodology:

The rotten potatoes were selected as medium for Spirulina platensis culture due to presence of high organic as well as inorganic nutrients specially carbohydrate. The rotten potatoes were collected from KR market, BAU, Mymensingh. Maintenance of pure stock culture of Spirulina platensis: Pure stock culture of S. platensis was maintained in the laboratory in Kosaric medium (KM) (Modified after Zarrouk 1996). Growth of S. platensis was monitored at every alternate day and was checked under microscope to confirm its purity following keys of Bold and Wynne (1978), Vymazal (1995) and Phang and Chu (1999). Preparation of supernatant of digested rotten potato (DRP) and Kosaric medium (KM): The collected rotten potatoes were cut into small pieces, air and oven dried (40°C ), ground, packed in polythene bag and kept in the laboratory for future use. Then 90 g/4.0 L dry rotten potato was allowed to decompose in 5.0 L glass bottle for 22 days in the laboratory under aerobic condition with aeration. A light reddish white coloured supernatant from the bottle was screened through a net of 30 μm mesh size, mixed with 9.0 g/L sodium bicarbonate and 0.20 ml/L micronutrient, then diluted and made three concentrations as shown. The supernatant of three different concentrations were taken in 2.0 L flask with three replications. Simultaneously, the medium in flasks were mixed well and autoclaved. Estimation of cell dry weight of Spirulina: Sample containing 20 ml spirulina suspension was filtered through a Sartorius filter paper of mesh size 0.45 μm and diameter 47 mm. The filter papers were dried in an oven for 24 hrs or overnight at 70°C and weighed prior to filtration. The filtered samples were washed three times to remove insoluble salts using 30% NaCl (Clesceri et al. 1989). Estimation of chlorophyll a and total biomass of spirulina: The optical density (OD) of prepared samples were taken at 664, 647 and 630 nm by using a UV spectrophotometer against blank (Milton Roy, Spectronic 1001 plus) (Clesceri et al. 1989). Chlorophyll a content was calculated by the formula: Chlorophyll a (mg/L)= 11.85 (OD 664) – 1.54 (OD 647) – 0.08 (OD 630). Total biomass was calculated using the formula given by Vonshak and Richmond (1988): Total biomass = Chlorophyll a x 67. Analyses of physico-chemical properties of digested rotten potato and supernatant: The physico-chemical properties of DRP and supernatant such as pH, total suspended solids, total dissolved solids, total alkalinity, nitarte-N (NO₃-N) and phosphate-P (PO₄-P) were analyzed following Clesceri et al. (1984). Analyses of proximate composition of rotten potato and spirulina: The proximate composition of rotten potato (RP) and spirulina such as moisture, crude protein, crude lipids, ash and nitrogen free extract (NFE) were analyzed in triplicates following the standard methods (Horwitz 1984). Statistical anatysis: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of mean cell weight and chlorophyll a, and crude protein, crude lipid and ash of S. platensis cultured in different media (treatments) followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) (Zar 1984) were performed using statistical package.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Fish. (2019) 31(1) : 55-64

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Physico-chemical properties of liquid of rotten potato and of supernatant of digested rotten potato (DRP) were almost high in quantity which indicate that the agricultural waste materials contain high organic loads due to presence of organic carbon, PO₄-P, NO₃-N and other micronutrients (Khan et al. 2018a). Loads of these inorganic nutrients in supernatant of DRP were reduced at least 10 times than the raw liquid rotten potatoes which have the similarity with the findings of Habib et al. (1998), Satter (2017) and Khan et al. (2018b). A sufficient amount of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus were present in the supernatant which influenced the growth and production of any micro- and macro-algae. The ash content was high in rotten potatoes which indicated high macro- and micro-minerals contents. These minerals are very helpful for the growth of any microalgae specially spirulina (Habib et al. 1997 and 2005, Uddin et al. 2007, Toyub et al. 2010, Khan et al. 2018b). It indicates that for the production of spirulina with high lipid content, supernatant of DRPM may be used. Therefore, mass culture of S. platensis may be done in the supernatant of 50% digested rotten potato medium.

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