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Age and Growth of Ticto Barb Puntius Ticto (hamilton 1822) in the River Old Brahmaputra, Bangladesh

SAYMUNA TARIN LUPA
Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

REZWANA SHARMIN
Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

ZOARDER FARUQUE AHMED
Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

MST KANIZ FATEMA
Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The age and growth of ticto barb, Puntius ticto (Hamilton 1822) belonging to the family cyprinidae was studied extensively to gain a knowledge on growth rates and to determine the success and degree of establishment as well as to forecast the fish’s impact on native fauna. A total of 1061 individuals were collected from the Old Brahmaputra river from January to December 2012. To calculate the age and growth of this population, length frequency analysis was employed. Length-frequency distribution of each sample was decomposed into its component size groups by using Bhattacharya method and the samples over the study period did not obtain the progress of any cohort. Age and growth pattern of P. ticto, therefore, was established by direct fit of length frequency data both to standard and modified von Bertalanffy growth models with ELEFAN I procedure. The Powell-Wetherall plot yielded an initial asymptotic standard length for male and female which were 69.30 and 69.91 mm, and Z/K values were 3.108 and 2.192 respectively. Based on direct fitting of growth equation by ELEFAN I method, the asymptotic standard length of male was 69.93 mm and growth coefficient was 0.90 per year, and they were 69.93 mm and 1.10 per year for female. The analysis showed no growth oscillation in both male and female. The relationships of the pooled data of standard length and body weight for male was BW = 0.00005SL^2.96 and for female BW = 0.00006SL^2.87. The von Bertalanffy growth curves were fitted to weight and age data. The asymptotic body weight for male was 14.45 g, growth coefficient 0.90 per year and age at zero body weight -0.006 years. The asymptotic body weight for female was 11.85 g, growth coefficient 1.12 per year and age at zero body weight -0.017 years, respectively. The present findings of age and growth will be used as input data for fisheries management of this valuable species in the Old Brahmaputra river and adjacent aquatic ecosystems in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Puntius ticto, ELEFAN I analysis, Old Brahmaputra river

Location: The part of the Old Brahmaputra River near Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-01-2012

End Date: 00-12-2012

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Fish

Objectives:

To make available information on age and growth patterns of P. ticto of the Old Brahmaputra River based on monthly length-frequency distributions.

Methodology:

Sampling site: Fish samples were collected from the part of the Old Brahmaputra River near Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The Brahmaputra River is comprised of 2 channels: a main channel, the Jamuna, which flows through Bangladesh; and an old channel, commonly known as the Old Brahmaputra River that runs through Mymensingh, a northeastern district of Bangladesh (straddling 23°58'-25°25'N, and 89°38'-91°15'E). Sampling and laboratory analysis: A total of 1061 individuals for P. ticto were collected during January to December 2012. A traditional fishing boat was used in combination with finemeshed cast nets and seine nets of < 2-mm mesh. Special attention was made to catch all size groups of P. ticto fishes in the population. The samples were immediately preserved with ice and fixed with 10% formalin solution upon arrival in the laboratory. All specimens were sexed by gonad observation under a binocular microscope to identify the male and female for this study. The collection details of P. ticto used for this study are given in Table I. Standard length (SL) were measured to the nearest 0.01 cm using digital slide calipers (CD-15PS, Mitutoyo, Tokyo, Japan). Whole body weight (BW) was taken on a digital balance (EB-430DW, Shimadzu, Tokyo, Japan) with 0.01 g accuracy. Electronic Length Frequency Analysis I (ELEFAN I): ELEFAN I has been widely used to analyze multiple samples length-frequency distributions. The estimated growth parameters directly from the length composition of the stock, without previously translating the length scale into an age scale, as an alternative to the MPA approach described below. FiSAT II provides three options to the user to identify that "best" growth curve: (1) curve fitting by eye (plotting of the histogram or restructured data may also be accessed from the Support Menu): (2) scan of Kvalues, and (3) response surface analysis. A file of time series of length-frequency data with constant class size was required. In ELEFAN I, data were reconstructed to generate "peaks" and "troughs". The program can be used more objectively to estimate growth coefficient (K). Bhattacharya method, Powell-Wetherall plots, and ELEFAN I methods were performed using the suite of fisheries tools called FISAT software (Gayanilo and Pauly 1997) in this study. Powell-Wetherall plot: Powell-Wetherall plot is used to estimate the value of L∞ and Z/K independently which is important for direct fitting of length-frequency data (Wetherall, 1986). The value of L∞ and Z/K were estimated by pooling a series of length-frequency data composed at small time intervals. Input parameter graphical identification of smallest length fully recruited by the gear (L', or cut-off length) has a function of the form: (L-L') = a + b * L', where L is the mean length of all fish equal to, or longer than, length L', which becomes a series of lower limits for the length intervals of fully vulnerable fish. The regression line in the Wetherall plot is fitted through all data representing the fully exploited part of the sample, often from one lengthinterval to the right of the highest mode in the length-frequency data. From the regression line, the value of Z/K is estimated from the slope, b, as: Z/K = - (1+b) /b. Relationship between age and body weight: The body weight of P. ticto is related to SL by BWt= a SLt b equation, substituting these in Lt= L∞ (1- exp [-K (t-t0)]) equation. Then the growth patterns of both male and female BW of P ticto were established by fitting the von Bertalanffy growth equations to the mean body weights at ages: BWt = BW∞ [1- exp {-K (t-t0)}] 3. Where, BWt is body weight (g) at age t (year), BW∞ is asymptotic body weight, K is growth coefficient, t is age and t0 is the theoretical age at zero weight.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Fish. (2019) 31(1) : 65-75

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Achievement/Findings:

A total of 1061 individuals from 12 samples were composed throughout the study period during January to December 2012. The range of SL and BW of both sexes were 24 to 82 mm and 0.61 to 13.97 g respectively. Among the total number of fish 558 were male and 503 were female. The SL of male ranged from 24 to 82 mm and BW was 0.61 to 11.48 g. The standard length for female varied from 23 to 68 mm and body weight ranged from 0.97 to 13.9 g. The analysis showed no growth oscillation in both male and female. The relationships of the pooled data of standard length and body weight for male was BW = 0.00005SL^2.96 and for female BW = 0.00006SL^2.87. The von Bertalanffy growth curves were fitted to weight and age data. The asymptotic body weight for male was 14.45 g, growth coefficient 0.90 per year and age at zero body weight -0.006 years. The asymptotic body weight for female was 11.85 g, growth coefficient 1.12 per year and age at zero body weight -0.017 years, respectively. The present findings of age and growth will be used as input data for fisheries management of this valuable species in the Old Brahmaputra river and adjacent aquatic ecosystems in Bangladesh.

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