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Seasonal Variation in Bacteriological Count Between Native and Exotic Climbing Perch, Anabas Testudineus (bloch, 1972) from North-eastern Bangladesh

M.A. BATEN
Department of Fisheries Technology & Quality Control, Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh

M.M. HOSSAIN
Department of Fisheries Technology & Quality Control, Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh

M.A.J. BAPARY
Department of Fisheries Technology & Quality Control, Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh

M.J. ISLAM
Department of Fisheries Technology & Quality Control, Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh

A.T.M. M. ELAHI
Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh

M.M. HOSSAIN
Corresponding author:
Department of Coastal & Marine Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted to assess the seasonal variation of bacterial population in native and exotic climbing perch, Anabas testudineus from the North-Eastern region of Bangladesh. For this purpose, ten fish markets were selected randomly considering two seasons- explicitly in winter (December-February) and summer (March-May). Live fish were collected, and bacterial loads were analysed at 6- 12 days interval during the experimental period. The higher bacterial load i.e. total viable count (TVC) was observed during summer whereas lower TVC was observed in winter irrespective of markets and varieties of climbing perch. For both strains, the highest TVC was noted in summer (April: temperature 36.3⁰C) and lowest in winter (February: temperature 18⁰C) indicating that the seasonal variation of TVC is highly correlated to temperature fluctuation in summer and winter. It is assumed that the optimum temperature with high relative humidity during summer season accelerated the growth of bacterial populations than those of winter. The present study revealed that, although bacterial load in winter did comply with ICMSF (International Commission on Microbiological Specification of Food) standard, however TVC in summer season didn’t comply with ICMSF standard. It can be concluded that the higher bacterial count in summer that fails to comply with the ICMSF standard may pose an alarming threat for the export of fishery products and food safety issues in Bangladesh

Keywords: Total Viable Count, Climbing perch, Seasonal variation, ICMSF standard, Food safety

Location: The north-Eastern part of Bangladesh (Sylhet).

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Koi/Climbing, Nutrition

Objectives:

To know the seasonal variation of bacterial load in native and exotic varieties of climbing perch, A. testudineus at North-Eastern region of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Site profile of the study area North Eastern part of Bangladesh (Sylhet) is very important for freshwater capture fisheries due to the abundance of rivers, beel (static lake), haor (bowl or saucer shape shallow depression) and canal. (Hossain 2013). For the present study ten (10) fish market of Sylhet Sadar Upazila were selected randomly for the collection of native and exotic climbing perch (Anabas testudineus) including Kazir bazar, Bondor bazar, Shibgonj, Tilagor, Major tila, Akhalia, Subid bazar, Amborkhana, Shahi Eidghah and Baluchor noyabazar. Sample collection and preparation Two seasons winter (December, 2014 to February, 2015) and summer (March, 2015 to May, 2015) were considered for collection of the samples. Two varieties of climbing perch, A. testudineus were selected to investigate the seasonal variation of bacterial load in summer and winter by means of Total Viable Count (TVC) values calculated as (log CFU/g±SD). The fish samples were randomly collected from fish markets by using icebox. The onsite ambient temperature was recorded by using Silver Indoor Digital Thermometer & Hygrometer (LC Technology 302-604S) and time series temperature data were collected from Sylhet Meteorological center to cross-check with primary data. After the collection, the samples were transported to the laboratory of the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet. The samples were prepared by dissecting the fish and taking 25 g of fish muscle, gill and intestine, and homogeneously mixed with 225 ml of distilled water in a Stomacher lab blender (Seward Stomacher 400, UK). Each sample was mixed aseptically with sterile distilled water at the ratio of 1:10. Then the sample was shaken properly to make a homogenous suspension. Later on 10 fold serial dilutions (1:10) were prepared to range from 10^-2-10^-9 according to the recommendation of International Standardization Organization (ISO 1995). Then the diluted samples were taken in nutrient broth and mixed well. Finally, the nutrient broth containing samples were placed into an incubator to incubate the sample for 24 hours. Calculation of Total Viable Count (TVC) According to ISO (1995), 1 ml of each tenfold diluted sample was transferred and spread to Plate Count (PCA) agar using a sterile pipette and a sterile glass spreader. The incubated plates were then kept in an incubator at 37⁰C for 24-48 hrs. Only plates having 30 to 300 colonies were considered for counting in order to get acceptable values and number of bacteria colony-forming unit per gram of the sample (CFU/g) was calculated after Kashem et al. (2014) as Number of bacteria (CFU/g)= {(No. of colonies on petridish x 10 x dilution factor x Volume of total sample solution) / (Wt. of fish sample (g))}. Data analysis After 24 hrs of incubation colonies were counted upon visualization and data were recorded. These values were useful and other statistical analysis and interpretations thereafter by using the computer software Microsoft Excel and SPSS. For the comparisons of seasonal variation in the TVC in native and exotic varieties of climbing perch, Student’s t-test and Pearson correlation test were applied where P value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Fish. (2018) 30(1) : 103-111

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the present study, it can be concluded that native variety of climbing perch, A. testudineus contained higher bacterial load than the exotic variety. In comparison with seasons, the highest amount of bacterial load was found in summer whereas the lowest was in winter in both varieties of climbing perch, A. testudineus. The highest bacterial load in the month of April (at 36.3⁰C temperature) whereas lowest in February (at 18⁰C) revealed that the seasonal variation of TVC is highly correlated to the temperature fluctuation in summer and winter. Although bacterial load in winter comply with ICMSF (International Commission on Microbiological Specification of Food) standard, however TVC in summer season didn’t comply with ICMSF standard for both the varieties of Climbing perch, A. testudineus. Findings submit an urgent research and policy attention to avoid any further critical situation towards exporting of fishery products and microbial food safety issue in Bangladesh.

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