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Effect of Pulse Beetle, Callosobruchus Chinensis L on Oviposition and Damage in Some Important Genotypes of Pulse Crops in Bangladesh

Salim Ahmad
Upazila Agriculture Officer, kumarkhali, Kushtia

Azizul Haque
Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Hyat Mahmud
Additional Deputy Director (Crop), Department of Agricultural Extension, Kushtia, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Reaction of pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis L. to 20 genotypes of pulses belonging to lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.), mungbean (Vigna radiata (L) R. Wilczek), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and blackgram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) was evaluated in no choice test in the laboratory of the Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh for observing the number of eggs deposition on seeds and percentage of damage of seed. Highest (73.1) number of eggs was laid on chickpea, while the lowest (19.5) was in blackgram. The results revealed that all the genotypes of chickpea were found to have highly susceptible to pulse beetle and blackgram genotypes were least susceptible. The susceptibility of lentil and mungbean were observed intermediate. Maximum (24.4%) of seed damage was observed on chickpea and the minimum (6-9%) was recorded in blackgram. Except blackgram, all the tested genotypes of chickpea, lentil and mungbean differed significantly for their susceptibility to the pulse beetle. The genotypes ML-22 of lentil, MC-21 of mungbean, Hyprosola of chickpea and MAK–1-79 of blackgram were marked least susceptible in comparison with the tested genotypes of respective pulse species. Seed surface smoothness, seed coat thickness and chemical stimuli influenced on the oviposition and damage of pulses by the pulse beetle.

Keywords: Cicer arietinum L; Callosobruchus chinensis L; Damage; Lens culinaris Medik; Oviposition; Seed; Susceptible; Vigna radiata L. R. Wilczek; Vigna mungo L Hepper

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh during June-September, 1999

Start Date: 00-06-1999

End Date: 00-09-1999

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Beetle

Objectives:

The present study has been undertaken to evaluate the degree of susceptibility of the selected genotypes of these pulses to C. chinensis.

Methodology:

Experiment on the reaction of the pulse beetle, C. chinensis L. to 20 genotypes of four pulse species was conducted in the laboratory of the Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh during June-September, 1999. Reaction of C. chinensis was studied in no-choice test for observing the oviposition and damage to pulse seeds. The experiment was carried out at room temperature from 28 to 33 °C and relative humidity of 68 to 75%. Collection of Test Materials Four species of pulses, munghean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) and blackgram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) with five genotypes of each species were used in this study. The seeds of all the tested genotypes were collected from the Department of Genetics, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.’ Stock Culture of Pulse Beetle Several numbers of pulse beetle collected from the Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh were allowed to oviposit in a large glass jar (12cm x 18cm) having 100g seeds of gram. After oviposition, the adult pulse beetles were removed and seeds along with eggs were left for emerging as adult in the jar. Newly emerged adults were again allowed to oviposit on new seeds and the procedure was continued to maintain a steady stock culture of the test insect. Oviposition Test Seeds of ninety grams for each genotype of pulses were divided into three equal parts (each 30g) and kept in three separate Petri dishes (8.5cm x 1.5cm). Each dish was considered as a replicate. Thus the total number of Petri dish was 60. Four pairs of newly emerged adult pulse beetles were released in each Petri dish and were allowed to lay eggs. Five gram seed randomly from each replicate was used. After five days, the insects were removed and the number of eggs laid on seeds was counted with the help of magnifying glass. Then the Petri dishes were covered with lid and kept on the table for damage assessment. Damage Assessment The Petri dishes containing pulse seeds of four species with five genotypes were used to determine the damage in the oviposition test. After 30 days of ovipsition, the holes made by the insect on the surface of seeds were carefully examined. The damaged seeds were counted for each replicate and genotype. The percentage of damage was calculated by using the following formula: Percent Damage = Number of Damaged Seeds/Total number of seeds x 100.

Source of Information: Biomed J Sci &Tech Res 2(2)- 2018. BJSTR.MS.ID.000739.

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.02.000739.

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the present findings, the pulse beetle, Collosobruchus chinensis L resulted in higher susceptibility in chick pea and marked the lowest susceptibility in blackgram. C. chinensis L. also showed maximum number of egg deposition and highest damage in larger surface area of chickpea seed. Number of laid eggs also varied according to the surface area of seed, and chemical composition of seed also has significant contributions in influencing the egg deposition and damage of seed.

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