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Evaluation and Economic Analysis of Some Integrated Pest Management Packages for Suppressing Tube Spittle Bug (machaerota Planitiae Distant) Infesting Jujube (zizyphus Mauritiana Lamk), in North-western Bangladesh

M. Z. H. Prodhan
On- Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Bogra

M. S. Noman *
Hill Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Khagrachari

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

To develop a suitable integrated pest management (IPM) package(s) against tube spittle bug damaging jujube, the study was conducted at the farmer’s orchard at Sherpur Upazilla of Bogra district, Bangladesh during the two consecutive winter seasons of 2011-12 and 2012-13. There were five IPM packages viz., P1 = Clean cultivation + collection and destruction of tube with alive nymph from the branches, P2 = P1 + two sprays of Detergent @ 2gl ^-1 of water applied (at initial stage of infestation and 10 days after 1 st spray), P3 = P1 + two sprays of crushed Neem seed extract @ 150 gl ^-1 of water (at initial stage of infestation and 10 days after 1 st spray), P4 = P1 + sprays of Cypermethrin @ 1 mll ^-1 of water at initial stage of infestation, P5 = P4 + one additional spray of Cypermethrin @ 1mll ^-1 at 10 days after 1 st spray and an untreated control. In both the years, treatment P5 was found most effective, which resulted lower damage to inflorescence and produced higher yield, followed by P4 and P3. In case of marginal benefit cost ratio, the highest value (15.69 & 20.63) was obtained from the treatment P5 which was closely followed by P4 (15.07 &20.12) in both of years, respectively.

Keywords: Tube spittle bug, damage assessment, Neem seed extract, Pesticide, Yield loss

Location: Sherpur Upazilla of Bogra district, Bangladesh during the two consecutive winter seasons of 2011-12 and 2012-13

Start Date: 00-00-2011

End Date: 00-00-2013

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Jujube

Objectives:

i) to evaluate IPM packages for suppressing infesting jujube, and ii) to evaluate economic analysis of these packages to ensure the steady production of jujube in the country.

Methodology:

Study site The study was conducted during the two consecutive winter seasons of 2011-12 and 2012- 13 in the farmer’s orchard, Sherpur Upazilla, Bogra . The variety of jujube was Apple kul and age of the plant was five years. The height was 3.5 to 4.4 meter and row -row and plant-plant distance was 4 m. The months from October to February of the year is considered as winter season in Bangladesh. The climate of the study site is subtropical, characterized by three distinct seasons, the winter season (November–February; night time temperature: 8–12°C; day time: 20–25°C), the pre-monsoon period or hot season (March–April; temperature at night time: 15–18°C; day time: 35–40°C) and the monsoon period (May– October; temperature at night time: 18–24°C; day time: 30–35°C). The soil of the experimental areas belongs to AEZ 4 characterized by very lowland to highland (FRG, 2012). Design and treatment application The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Single tree was considered as an experimental unit. All the treatments were assigned at random to each replication. The treatment packages used in this study were: P1 = Clean cultivation + collection and destruction of tube (with alive nymph) from the branches, P2 = P1 + Two sprays of detergent @ 2gl ^-1 of water (at initial stage of infestation and 10 days after 1 st spray), P3 = P1 + two sprays of crushed neem seed extract @ 150g ^-1 of water (at initial stage of infestation and 10 days after 1 st spray), P4 = P1 + sprays of Cypermethrin @ 1mll^-1 of water at initial stage of infestation, P5 = P4 + one additional spray of Cypermethrin @ 1mll ^-1 at 10 days after the 1 st spray and an untreated control. The sprays were done with a high volume foot pump sprayer. Data collection and analysis A main branch of the selected trees were examined thoroughly (at three days interval) to record the number of tube per branch, number of alive nymph per branch and infested inflorescence per branch. Data were collected during the flowering period of the crop. After ripening all the fruits of each tree were harvested (4 times harvested at a season because jujube never ripe at a time ) and mean yield of each plant was calculated and converted to yield per hectare. Data were analyzed using MSTAT software and the treatment means were separated by LSD. Economic evaluation of the treatments on the yield of ber was made for each treatment based on the Marginal Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR).

Source of Information: The Agriculturists 14(1): 54-62 (2016) ISSN 2304-7321 (Online), ISSN 1729-5211 (Print) A Scientific Journal of Krishi Foundation

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Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the study, it was observed in two consecutive winter cropping seasons of jujube, the lowest infestation and highest fruit yield was obtained from the IPM package P5 followed by P4, P3 and P2. The tube spittle bug often damage the crop at the time of flowering and suck cell sap from the inflorescences. So, measures should be taken at the beginning of infestation at flower initiation stage. Considering the present results, the treatment “clean cultivation + collection and destruction of tube + two sprays of Cypermethrin” (P5) would be the best management package to minimize the tube spittle bug infestation and at the same time to obtain the maximum economic yield.

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