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Anti-ovipositional, Ovicidal and Larvicidal Effects of Plant Oils Against Callosobruchus Chinensis L. (bruchidae: Coleoptera)

S. Afrin
Department of Entomology,Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

M.A.A. Bachchu
Department of Entomology,Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Pulse beetle, CallosobruchuschinensisL.,(Bruchidae: Coleoptera) is globally distributed notorious insect of stored chickpea and major threats of stored pulses. The efficacy of six plant oils was assessed in the laboratory for their grain protectant efficacy against the damage of C. chinensis. All the tested oils were effectively reduced oviposition, adult emergence, seed infestations and weight loss as compared to control. Black cumin and mustard oils showed best reduction of adult emergence, seed infestation and seed weight loss when applied those at the rate of 10% concentration. Black cumin (95.86%) and mustard (91.05%) oils provided the highest inhibition rate of adult emergence when egg bearing seeds were treated at 10% concentration. Additionally, black cumin (94.47%) and mustard (88.33%) oils also markedly reduced the adult emergence while larva bearing seeds were treated the same concentration. Therefore, black cumin and mustard oils could be used for the protection of chickpea seeds from the infestation of C. chinensis.

Keywords: Plant oils, Pulse beetle, Management, Legumes

Location: Department of Entomology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-05-2017

End Date: 00-11-2017

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Insecticide

Objectives:

The present research work was planned and designed to explore the appropriate indigenous edible oils and doses for the management of pulse beetle in stored chickpea seed.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted from May to November 2017 at the laboratory of the Department of Entomology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur, Bangladesh. Details methodologies of the experiment are described below. Source and collection of oils: Tested plant oils of mustard, palm, soybean, groundnut, linseed and black cumin were collected from the market of Maldaho Patty of Dinajpur town in separate glass bottles (150 mL). Collected oils were preserved in the refrigerator (4°C) for experimental use. Data recording procedure: Fifty gram of healthy chickpea seeds were taken in a plastic container (300 ml) and mixed with 5, 7.5 and 10% concentrations of each tested oils (v/v) and then air dried for 30 minutes. Five pairs of newly emerged one day old adult beetles were released in each plastic container and the mouth was closed with its lid. Each treatment was replicated thrice including control. All treated containers were kept at ambient room temperature (28 ± 5⁰C) in the laboratory for oviposition. After 7 days, dead and alive beetles were removed from each container and seeds along with eggs were kept in the laboratory for further development of the insect. The efficacy of plant materials as protectant of chickpea seeds against C. chinensis was assessed considering oviposition, adult’s emergence, seed infestation and seed weight loss done. For the determination of oviposition of the beetle seeds were collected from each plastic container of each treatment and examined under 10x magnifying glasses and the number of seeds along with eggs (egg bearing seeds) and the number of eggs deposited were counted. After each observation, the grains were returned to the respective containers for the further development of the beetle. The adults were removed daily from each plastic container and the data were recorded. Percent seed infestation and weight loss were determined at the completion of adult emergence. The sample of each replicate were examined carefully and damaged and healthy seeds were separated, cleaned, counted and weighed. Percent seed infestation and weight loss were calculated by using the following formulae. Ovicidal and larvicidal efficacies of oils: This test was conducted to investigate whether black cumin, mustard, linseed, soybean, groundnut, and palm oils have ovicidal and larvicidal efficacy. For this, 100 chickpea seeds along with one-day old egg (for ovicidal experiment) and 1-2 days old larvae (for larvicidal experiment) containing one egg or larvae per seed were separately placed in each container and mixed properly with those oils at 5, 7.5, 10% concentrations including control treatment. Each treatment was replicated thrice. Until adult emergence the mouth of the container was closed with its cap and left undisturbed in the Afrinet al./Anti-ovipositional, ovicidal and larvicidal effects of plant oils 23 laboratory after proper mixing. The number of adults were counted and recorded daily from the first to last emergence and removed from the containers. After completion of adult emergence, the inhibition was computed by using the following formula as stated by Shukla et al.(2007). Statistical analyses: The collected data were statistically analyzed in accordance with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) along with analysis of variance ANOVA) through MSTAT program. Mean values were separated with DMRT at 5% level of probability.

Source of Information: Journal of Science and Technology 17 (June 2019): 20-31

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results of the present findings stated that black cumin and mustard oils prevented oviposition, egg from hatching of C. chinensisthus reduced the seed infestation and weight loss. This study indicated black cumin and mustard oils may be used for sustainable management of chickpea seeds from the invasion of C. chinensisin storage.

Knowledge Management: Journal