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Control Potentials of Hyptis Suaveolens L. (poit.) Extracts Against Artemia Salina L. Nauplii and Tribolium Castaneum (hbst.) Adults

Kamrul Hasan
Department of Zoology, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Abdullah An Naser
Department of Biological Science, Sizuoka University, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka-ken, Suruga-ku Oya, Japan

Shabnam Sabiha
Department of Zoology, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Meherun Nesa
Department of Zoology, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Meherunnesa Khan
Department of Zoology, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Nurul Islam
Professor, Department of Zoology, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The insecticidal activity, insect repellency and brine shrimp lethality tests of Petroleum ether (Pet. ether), CHCl₃ and CH₃OH extracts of Hyptis suaveolens L. (Poit.) were assessed against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) adults and Artemia salina L. nauplii under laboratory conditions. Pet. ether and CH3OH extracts of leaves offered mortality to the test beetles and gave LD50 values 4.322, 3.487, 2.653, 2.647 and 2.647mg cm^-2, and 5.587, 4.122, 3.269, 3.075 and 2.727 mg cm^-2 both after 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60h of exposure; and the CHCl₃ extract of roots gave LD50 values 6.494 and 5.311mg cm^-2 after 48 and 60h of exposure respectively. The Pet. ether, CHCl₃ and CH₃OH extracts of stem and the CH₃OH extracts of root showed repellency at 5% level (p<0.05) of significance and the CHCl₃ extract of roots showed repellency at 1% level (p<0.01) of significance. Except the Pet. ether extract of leaves and the CH₃OH extracts of root all the extracts showed lethality against Artemia salina L. nauplii at different time exposures.

Keywords: Dose mortality, Repellency, Brine shrimp lethality, Hyptis suaveolens, Tribolium castaneum, Artemia salina

Location: Kurigram District of Northern Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-06-2017

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Insects

Objectives:

The present investigation was carried out to find out the potentials of this plant as of insecticidal and insect repellent activity against the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), and lethality against the brine shrimp, Artemia salina L. nauplii.

Methodology:

Collection and preparation of test materials H. suaveolens were collected from Kurigram District of Northern Bangladesh in August 2015, (identified by the Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh) and the study was accomplished in June 2017. Leaves and stems were collected separately and excess soil was removed from the roots without washing. Collected plant parts were chopped into small pieces, dried under shade and powdered using an electric blender (Excess heat during grinding was avoided). Weighed and placed in separate conical flasks to add Pet. ether, CHCl₃ and CH₃OH (Merck, Germany) (100gm × 300ml × 2 times) and placed on a shaker for 48h. Filtration was done by Whatman filter paper (made in USA) at 24h interval in the same flask followed by evaporation until the extracts were left. The extracts were then removed to glass vials and preserved in refrigeration at 4° C with proper labeling. Collection and culture of the test insect: T. castaneum, used in the present experiment were taken from the stock cultures of the Crop Protection and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh; and reared as subcultures to be used in the experimentation. Adults of T. castaneum were reared in glass beakers (500ml) in a standard mixture of whole-wheat flour with powdered dry yeast (19:1) [29-30] in an incubator at 30°C ±0.5°C without light and humidity control for getting continuous supply of adults for the experiments. Dose-mortality test on T. castaneum adults The dose-mortality assay was conducted by the surface film method. Doses of Pet. ether and CH₃OH extracts of leaf and CHCl₃ extracts of root were selected through Ad Hoc experiments by putting 50mg of each of the extracts diluted separately in 1ml of solvent (as Pilot doses) to apply in 50mm Petri dishes and by increasing or decreasing the amount of extracts in repeated manner until a suitable mortality range was obtained. The concentrations used were 4.074, 3.565, 3.056, 2.547 and 2.037mg cm^-2. Each of the doses were diluted in 1ml of solvent, poured into a Petri dish and allowed to dry. Ten adult beetles were released in each Petri dish, and the experiment of all the doses for each of the extracts were set in 3 replicates. The mortality of the beetles was assessed after 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60h of exposure. 2.4 Brine shrimp nauplii lethality test Brine shrimp cysts were purchased from Dhaka and kept in aerated seawater at room temperature (25-30°C) and took 30- 48h to give fresh nauplii. The series of concentrations were 33, 16.5, 8.25, 4.13 and 2.07ppm for all the extracts of H. suaveolens. Ten freshly hatched nauplii were added to each of the test tubes with different concentrations and observed mortality after 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30h of exposure. The data was then subjected to probit analysis. Statistical Analysis The mortality (%) was corrected using Abbott’s formula.

Source of Information: Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2018; 6(1): 785-789 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present study depicted that the extracts of H. suaveolens has potentials for insect suppression either by killing action or by repellency. The present data provided a support for the traditional use of the plant as an insecticidal remedy. However, further studies will be necessary to isolate and characterize the active principles which are responsible for the insecticidal effect and to understand its mechanism of action.

Knowledge Management: Journal