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A Way Forward to Combat Insect Pest in Rice

MP Ali
Entomology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

B Nessa
Plant Pathology Division, BRRI, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

MT Khatun
Plant Pathology Division, BRRI, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

MS Kabir
Director-General
BRRI, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

MU Salam
Freelance International Consultant (Agricultural Systems), Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Mass propagation provides an alternative means of satisfying the demand. Unfortunately, conventional propagation is slow and difficult, suggesting in vitro methods for mass multiplication may be more appropriate. Supplement of plant growth regulators and biopolysaccaridesom modified MS medium was effective for the growth and development of protocorm like bodies (PLBs) of Dendrobium kingianum ‘Hallelujah’. The results of this experiment revealed that the highest number of PLBs were found in the media containing 0.01mg/L of alginate and that was 17.2/explant whereas control (6.1/explant). The second maximum number of PLBs (16.9) was at concentrations of 0.01mg/L HA9. On the other hand, the high concentration of NAA; HA9 and Alginate showed negative results of PLBs formation in Dendrobium kingianum ‘Hallelujah’ except BAP. In the case of PLBs formation, 100% PLBs were formed in every low concentration of BAP, NAA and HA9 except alginate.

Keywords: Insect pests, Rice, Management, Safe food, Increase productivity

Location: Entomology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

Start Date: 00-00-2011

End Date: 00-00-2012

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Pest, Rice

Objectives:

(i) scenario of their changing status, (ii) highlighting the scenarios of yield loss associated with the insect pests, and (iii) development and mapping the action plan for three decades on reducing yield loss from the insect pests.

Methodology:

First, we explored the rice yield loss due to insect pests in Bangladesh. Several kinds of literature were taken in mind and finally set up a national yield loss of rice production in Bangladesh. All data and several ideas were collected from secondary sources. A simple diagram has been proposed to make a network between farmer’s field problems and researchers through GIS. The idea for the model/diagram was adopted from different reports, has been modified by the authors. The baseline data for yield loss has set after a thorough discussion by a group of rice scientists working on doubling rice productivity by 2030, on 11 November 2019. Except for abnormal years (when pest outbreak occurs frequently), we assumed and fixed that the insect pest causes 1.0% national average yield loss of rice every year. However, the literature on rice yield losses due to insect pests in Bangladesh is different due to yield loss assessment methods. The reported findings were obtained from experimental plots compared to control one where insect pest management practices were not allowed or a survey report obtained from a pest outbreak field. This does not happen in total production areas of the country in any year. Therefore, we can not calculate the total national loss based on this report. Typically, insect pests cause 18% yield loss to rice production in experimental plots when compared to the control plot (no actions were undertaken) in Bangladesh. Currently, control of these arthropod pests solely depends on chemical pesticides. During 2011 and 2012, about 20–24 thousand tons formulated (as an active ingredient, a total of 1900-2400 tons) insecticide was used in Bangladesh (BCPA, 2013) with more than half of that amount applied against rice insect pests. Therefore, alternative control approaches and forthcoming novel concepts were explored and described here. Based on this study, several recommendations were made for current and future studies.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Rice J. 25 (1): 1-22, 2021

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/brj.v25i1.55176

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Most of the approaches described here ensure safe food production in Bangladesh. Rice fields need to be monitored at 7–10 days intervals for checking levels of pest infestation. Field monitoring helps farmers best control their rice pests. Refraining farmers from applying insecticides to rice fields 30-40 days after transplant (DAT) enhances natural enemy activity to check the build-up of pest populations. Practicing the need-based application of insecticide also significantly reduces the total pesticide load in rice fields. In addition, recent advent genetic techniques such as gene drive and developed resistant variety by applying CRISPR Cas9 need to be adopted to ensure safe food production in Bangladesh. Based on the discussion, it is concluded that currently, farmers should avoid prophylactic measures, and rather farmers monitor their crop fields at 7–10 days intervals up to the flowering stage and prepare to adopt more advanced techniques such as gene drive. All of these will reduce pesticide use in agricultural landscapes and improve environmental quality.

Knowledge Management: Journal