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Differences in Morphological Traits, Yield Performance and Abundance of Mite on Chili

M Nasrin
Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

MR Amin
Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

MRU Miah
Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

AM Akanda
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

MG Miah
Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Differences in morphological traits, yield and seed production performance of five chili varieties, namely BARI Morich 1, BARI Morich 2, BARI Morich 3, BINA Morich 1 and Bogura Morich were evaluated avoiding management of mite Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) field under field condition. Leaf position-based abundance of mite among the varieties differed significantly. Mite showed significantly the lowest and the highest abundances on BARI Morich 2 and BINA Morich 1, respectively. The studied chili varieties revealed variations in most of the superficial and numerical traits of their morphology. Adaxial and abaxial leaf trichomes, plant height, and number of branches, leaves and fruit per plant, and seed per fruit were found the highest and lowest in BARI Morich 2 and BINA Morich 1, respectively. Statistically similar and the highest yield was found in BARI Morich 2 and BINA Morich 1, and the lowest yield was in BARI Morich 3. Mite infested fruits of the tested varieties showed statistically similar reduction in length, diameter and number of seeds per fruit.

Keywords: Abundance, Chili, Morphology, Polyphagotarsonemus latus, Yield

Location: In the field and laboratory of the Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-11-2017

End Date: 00-06-2018

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Mite, Chilli

Objectives:

Considering the above mentioned points, the study was undertaken to evaluate the abundance of mite P. latus on five varieties of chili, and to explicit morphological traits as well as the yield and seed performances of the varieties.

Methodology:

Study site and condition: The study was conducted from November 2017 to June 2018 in the field and laboratory of the Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur (250 25’ N and 890 5’ E), Bangladesh. Climate is subtropical with mean annual rainfall of 2376 mm, relative humidity of 65.8%, and temperature of 24.4^oC (Amin et al. 2018). Cultivation of chili varieties: The study was done with five chili varieties namely BARI Morich 1, BARI Morich 2, BARI Morich 3, BINA Morich 1 and Bogura Morich. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized block design, replicated thrice with spacing of 50 cm. Forty days old seedlings were transplanted on 21 December 2017 in the experimental plots size of 2.5 m × 2.5 m and the seedlings were grown without pesticide application. Each plot contained five rows, and each row had five plants. Manures and fertilizers were applied according to the Fertilizer Recommendation Guide (FRG 2012) (N = 32, P = 16, K = 25, and S = 3 kgha^-1, and cow dung = 5 and poultry manure = 2 t/ha^-1). Plants were grown avoiding management of mite. Irrigation and weeding were done when needed. Data collection: Abundance of mite and morphological traits were studied at the fruiting stage of the plants. Superficial observation was done to find out the characteristics of plant architecture, branching, color of stem, leaf, flower and fruit, and fruit shape. Pungency of fruit was determined by organolaptic taste and smell. Ten plants of each variety were randomly selected to collect data of the number of branches, leaves, flowers and fruits. Plant height (length from top to base) was measured using a mm-scale tape measure. The fifth leaf from the top of a branch of the selected plants was used to measure leaf area and counting of trichomes. The top pair of leaves from the apical meristem was defined as 1st stratum followed by 4th and 8th pairs and the number of mite on each stratum of the varieties was counted. Numbers of mite and trichome were observed under a stereo microscope (BOE3200, BOECO, Germany) and leaf area was measured using a digital leaf area meter (CI 202 CID Bioscience). During harvesting, number of fruit per plant and yield of each plot were recorded and the amount of yield per plot and variety were converted in to t/ha. Length and diameter of healthy and infested fruits, and seeds of healthy and infested fruits of each variety were measured following 10 replications and the percent reduction values in the infested fruits and seeds were calculated. Data analysis: One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey HSD posthoc test was used for analyzing data of the abundance of mite, and morphological traits, fruit, seed and yield of the varieties. Chi statistic was applied to analyze the data of the reduction of fruit length and diameter, and seed per fruit. All the analyses were performed using IBM SPSS 20.0.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Ecol. (2020) 2 (1) : 25-29

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Funding Source:

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Achievement/Findings:

Among the tested varieties, BARI Morich 2 and BINA Morich 1, respectively showed significantly low and high level of abundances of mite. BARI Morich 2 and BINA Morich 1 produced significantly the highest and the lowest number of fruits per plant and seeds per fruit, respectively. But these varieties revealed statistically similar and the highest yield avoiding management of mite which is their inherent character.

Knowledge Management: Journal