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Laboratory Evaluation of Insect Growth Regulators and Bacterial Fermented Insecticides on the Mortality of Papaya Mealy Bug

Sanjida Afroj Shoma
Department of Entomology Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Gopal Das
Professor, Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Masum Ahmad
Professor, Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Rokeya Khatun
Assistant Professor, Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is a serious insect pest causing severe damage to papaya plants. Effectiveness of two insect growth regulators viz. Tacoma 40 SC (Buprofezin) and Heron 5 EC (Lufenuron), two bacterial fermented insecticides viz. Libsen 45 SC (Spinosad) and Suspend 5 SG (Emamectin benzoate) and one mixed formulation viz. Lumectin 10 WDG (Lufenuron + Emamectin benzoate) were evaluated against papaya mealy bug. The experiment was conducted under laboratory condition to investigate the time-oriented mortality of papaya mealybug after exposure with selected treatments. Results clearly showed that about 100% and 90% mortality were found from Tacoma 40 SC and Heron 5 EC at 7 DAT with their highest concentrations @ 1.0 ml/L and 2.0 ml/L respectively. Among bacterial fermented insecticides, Libsen 45 SC was found better than Suspend 5 SG regarding mortality. About 90% and 75% mortality was found from Libsen 45 SC @ 0.75 ml/L and Suspend 5 SG @ 1.25 g/L at 7 DAT respectively. Moreover, Lumectin 10 WDG, a combination of Lumectin and Emamectin Benzoate performed excellent efficacy while 100% mortality was recorded @ 1.25 g/L. The present study showed that each of the insect growth regulator and microbial biopesticides had significant effect against papaya mealybug. The mortality of papaya mealy bugs was gradually increased when insects and papaya plants both were directly treated with selected IGRs and biopesticides with increasing concentration level and time. Finally, it can be concluded that Tacoma 40 SC, Heron 5 EC, Libsen 45 SC and Lumectin 10 WDG would be alternate and promising options of conventional insecticides to the farmers to control papaya mealybug effectively.

Keywords: Papaya mealybug, Laboratory, IGRs, Insecticides, Mortality

Location: Department of Entomology, BAU

Start Date: 00-02-2018

End Date: 00-05-2018

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Insecticide, Papaya

Objectives:

The present research work was planned to evaluate the efficacy of two IGRs such as Tacoma 40 SC and Heron 5 EC, two bacterial fermented insecticides Libsen 45 SC and Suspend 5 SG and one mixed formulation Lumectin 10 WDG on the mortality of papaya mealybug under laboratory conditions.

Methodology:

Experimental site: Experiments were conducted in the laboratory of Department of Entomology, BAU, from the period of February to May, 2018. Host Plant Thirty days old healthy and uninfested papaya seedlings along with polythene bag (Carica papaya) (variety: Sinta, Lal Teer Seed Limited, Bangladesh) were collected from local nursery and used as experimental host plant. After collection, the seedlings were kept in laboratory for about 10 days for settlement or adaptation and thereafter seedlings were used for experimental purposes. Collection of papaya mealybug Papaya mealybugs were collected from untreated papaya plant with leaves. Then insects were released on previously grown papaya seedlings until their settlement or adaptation in the laboratory condition. Experimental procedure To test the efficacy, both plants and insects were treated with selected IGRs or microbial biopesticides using micropipette or microsprayer. At first, papaya seedlings were treated with selected insecticides with specific concentrations using microsprayer. The spraying was done in such a way that the whole plant was thoroughly covered by spray material. After that, the treated plants were air-dried thoroughly using electric fan. Secondly, ten mealy bugs were directly treated with selected insecticides using micropipette. Then, treated insects were carefully transferred on treated papaya plants using fine camel hair brush and special care was taken during transferring mealy bugs to avoid any injury. After the release of mealy bugs, each plant was placed individually on a special plastic tray with an inner and outer ring. The plant was placed on inner ring and the outer ring was filled with detergent water to prevent mealy bugs escaping. Laboratory experiments were consisted of five treatment combinations. Four doses of each insecticide were provided as treatments. Each treatment was replicated thrice and ten mealy bugs were used for each replication. Care was taken to avoid spray drift on adjacent plants. The control plants were sprayed only with water. In this experiment, weight changes of papaya mealy bugs were also observed. For that, pre-treated and after treated (3 and 7 DAT) weights of mealybugs were measured using precision balance (Mettler, Toledo, Germany). Data collection The data on the number of adult survived per plant under individual treatment were recorded after 1, 3 and 7 DAT (Days after treatment) application. Finally, the mortality of papaya mealybug was calculated with the following formula: % mortality = Po/Pr × 100 Where, Po = Number of mealy bugs died Pr = Number of treated mealy bugs provided. Statistical analysis The recorded data were compiled and tabulated for statistical analysis. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was done with the help of computer package MSTAT. The mean differences among the treatments were adjudged with Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) and Least Significant Difference (LSD).

Source of Information: Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2020; 8(1): 1401-1405

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Considering the percent mortality, Tacoma 40 SC and Lumectin 10 WDG were found to be the best where 100% mortality was recorded. Next, Libsen 45 SC, Heron 5 EC and Suspend 5 SG were found to be moderately effective regarding the mortality of P. marginatus. Therefore, it can be concluded from the present study that the selected IGRs, Libsen 45 SC and Lumectin 10 WDG would be the alternate option of conventional insecticides to control papaya mealybug effectively. Suspend 5 SG (Emamectin benzoate) can be applied as an integral component of IPM program rather than its individual application. Field trials are needed to verify these laboratory findings.

Knowledge Management: Journal