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Life History Traits of the Monsoon River Prawn Macrobrachium Malcolmsonii (milne-edwards, 1844) (palaemonidae) in the Ganges(padma) River, Northwestern Bangladesh

Md. Yeamin Hossain
Laboratory of Fisheries Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-20-50Shimoarata, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan;bDepartment of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture,University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh

Jun Ohtomi
Laboratory of Fisheries Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-20-50Shimoarata, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan

Ahmed Jaman
Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture,University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh

Saleha Jasmineb
Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture,University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh

Robert L. Vadas, Jr
Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Habitat Program, 600 Capitol Way North, Olympia, WA 98501-1091, USA

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The Monsoon River prawn, Macrobrachium malcolmsonii (Milne-Edwards,1844), is one of the dominant benthic species in the Ganges River. Our study describes some biological parameters including sex ratio, length–frequency distributions (LFD), length–weight relationships (LWR), and relative-condition (Kn) factor of M. malcolmsoniiin the lower part of the Ganges River, northwestern Bangladesh. A total of 502 specimens of the ranges 3.54–11.76 cm total length and 0.50–15.20 g body weight were analyzed in this study. Sampling was done using traditional fishing traps(Kara) during the period from March to October 2010. The overall sex ratio showed no significant differences from the expected value 1:1 (2¼0. 20, p¼0.157), and there was no significant difference in the LFD between the sexes (p¼0.460). The allometric coefficient b for the LWR indicated isometric growth (3.00) in males and negative allometric growth (53.00) in females. Kn showed significant variation (p50.01) between the sexes, with better performance by females (1.0270.107) than males (0.9680.130). To our knowledge, this study presents the first comprehensive description of life-history traits for M. malcolmsonii from Bangladeshi waters. Our data should be useful for the sustainable management of this prawn fishery in the Ganges River basin of Bangladesh and neighboring countries.

Keywords: Sex ratio; Length–weight relationship; Relative-condition factor; Macrobrachium malcolmsonii; Ganges River; Bangladesh

Location: Ganges River, northwestern Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-03-2010

End Date: 00-10-2010

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Prawn

Objectives:

Although the Monsoon River prawn(M. malcolmsonii) is one of the dominant freshwater prawn species commercially important in the Ganges River, no previous biological information exists for it besides(i) Hossain and Rafik (1981) in the lower part of this Bangladeshi River and (ii) Shafiand Quddus (1975) elsewhere in Bangladesh. Hence, this article is the first complete and comprehensive description of the sex ratio, LFD, LWR, and Kn of M. malcolmsonii from the lower Ganges River, using a large number of specimens.

Methodology:

This study was conducted in the lower Ganges River, northwestern Bangladesh. The Ganges enters Bangladesh (where it is known as the Padma River) from India through the Rajshahi district (latitude 2422⁰N; longitude 8835⁰E;). Monthly samples for M. malcolmsonii were collected during daytime from the fisherman catch landed at Rajshahi city (Jhaj ghat, Binodpur), Bangladesh from April to October 2010, as caught with traditional fishing traps (Kara).The fresh samples were immediately placed on ice and fixed in 10% formalin upon arrival in the laboratory where all morphometric traits were examined. The fixed specimens were individually weighed, measured, and sexed. Total length (TL)was measured from the tip of the rostrum to the tip of the telson (FAO 1981) to then earest 0.01 cm using digital slide calipers (Mitutoyo, CD-15PS) and whole bodyweight (BW) was measured on an electric balance (Shimadzu, EB-430DW) with0.01 g accuracy. Sex was determined by the presence of an appendix masculinae onthe second pleopod of males. The male:female ratio analysis was conducted on each size class of individuals captured during the study period. The total LFD for each gender was constructed using 1 cm intervals of TL.The relationship between weight and length was calculated using the expression: BW¼ aTLb, where a is the intercept of the regression and b the regression coefficient (slope). Parameters a and b of the LWR were estimated by linear-regression analysis based on natural logarithms: ln (BW) ¼ln (a) þ [bln (TL)]. Additionally, 95% confidence limits of the parameters a and b and the statistical significance level ofr2(coefficient of determination) were estimated, the latter being a quality indicator of the linear regressions (cf. Scherrer 1984). To confirm whether b (slope) values were significantly different (p0.05) from the isometric value of 3.0 (Tesch 1971), the equation of Sokal and Rohlf (1981) was applied: ts¼(b3)/sb, where ts is the samplet-test value, b the slope, and sb the standard error of b.We compared ts and tabled critical values for b to determine statistical significance. Sampling site of the Ganges (Padma) River, northwestern Bangladesh, where the Monsoon River prawn. malcolmsonii Milne-Edwards, 1844) was captured during the period from March to October 2010. to classify genders as showing isometric (b¼3) or allometric growth (negative allometry for b 53 or positive allometry for b 43). Extreme (obvious) outliers attributed to data error were omitted from this analysis. The Kn for each individual was calculated via the equation of Le Cren (1951): Kn¼B W/aTLb, where a and b are the LWR parameters. Statistical analyses were performed using MicrosoftÕExcel Add-in DDXL, GraphPad Prism 5, and VassarStats (online at http://faculty.vassar.edu/lowry/VassarStats.html). Tests for normality of each group were conducted by visual assessment of histograms and box plots and confirmed by the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Where the normality assumption was not met, the Mann–Whitney U-test was used to compare the LFD and condition factor between genders. A Chi-square test helped to identify the sex-ratio divergence from the expected value of 1:1(male:female). The parameters a and b of the LWR for both genders were compared by the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). All statistical analyses were considered significant at 5% (p50.05).

Source of Information: Journal of Freshwater EcologyVol. 27, No. 1, March 2012, 131–142

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In conclusion, this study provides basic information on the sex ratio, LFD, LWR, and relative-condition factors of M. malcolmsonii from the Ganges River,which should be useful for the sustainable management of this prawn fishery in this river basin of northwestern Bangladesh and neighboring countries. Moreover,because no such information currently exists in the Sea life Base database for M. malcolmsonii, our results should contribute to this invaluable database. Yet, more detailed studies are needed to answer several questions about body-size range and the spawning periodicity of this prawn fishery.

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