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Nutritional Profile of Some Tropical Fruits in Bangladesh: Specially Anti-oxidant Vitamins and Minerals

Jahan S
Scientific Officer, Institute of Food Science and Technology, BCSIR, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Gosh T
MSc, Department of Chemistry, Jgannath University, Dhaka.

Begum M
Senior Scientific Officer, Institute of Food Science and Technology, BCSIR, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Saha BK
Senior Scientific Officer, Institute of Food Science and Technology, BCSIR, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Objective: Fruits and vegetables are important for the daily diet as these contain micronutrients, fiber, potassium, folate, Vitamin C, vegetable proteins, carotenoids and polyphenols, which act as antioxidants within the body as well as bio-functional components. The aim of the study is to establish nutritional profile specially antioxidant vitamins and minerals of tropical fruits in Bangladesh. Methodology: Nutritional composition and physico-chemical properties, such as pH, titratable acidity, moisture, total soluble solid, crude fibre, total carbohydrate, total protein, total fat, total energy, vitamin C, beta-carotene, ash, sodium, potassium, iron, zinc, copper, manganese, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium content of ten tropical fruits namely Blackberry, Java apple, Jack fruit, Pineapple, Carambola (Star fruit), Golden apple, Mango, Melon, Monkey jack, Star gooseberry were determined according to standard methods. Results: Results of this study suggest that the tropical fruits of Bangladesh were excellent source of antioxidant vitamins and minerals like vitamin C, beta- carotene, iron, zinc, copper and manganese. These fruits were also good source of potassium, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium but poor source of protein and fat and sodium. Conclusion: Present study strongly suggests that star gooseberry, monkey jack, pineapple and golden apple were antioxidant vitamins and minerals enriched tropical fruits.

Keywords: Antioxidant vitamins and minerals, Micronutrients, Tropical fruits

Location: Institute of Food Science and Technology, BCSIR, Dhaka

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Quality and Nutrition

Commodity: Nutrition

Objectives:

The purpose of this study is to prepare a new and update nutritional information of tropical fruits which would be related with our food habit. Dietary diversification through fruits and vegetable intake and supported by nutrition education is seen as a sustainable approach to fighting micronutrient malnutrition.

Methodology:

This experiment was carried out at Institute of Food Science and Technology, BCSIR, Dhaka. Ten types of fruits were analyzed in this study. These are Blackberry, Java apple, Jack fruit, Pineapple, Carambola (Star fruit), Golden apple, Mango, Melon, Monkey jack, Star gooseberry. The selected fruits were collected from different local markets in Dhaka city. Collected samples were fresh, matured, and free from insect’s bites and other organoleptic deterioration. The freshly collected sample was washed with deionized water to eliminate visible dirt and removed the water quickly with a blotting paper. Then the sample was cut into small pieces, homogenized and accurate amount was weighed as required for different analysis. Three samples from each fruit was selected for measurement of various parameter and the analytical data were present the average value on a wet weight basis. The p^H was determined with a digital p^H meter (Ibrahim 2002) and titratable acidity was estimated with the visual acid-base method. Moisture content was determined by digital moisture analyzer. The total soluble solid (TSS) was determined with a hand refractometer15. Crude fiber was determined by AOAC official method of analysis. The total fat content of sample was determined by the standard AOAC method and the estimation of total protein was made by Kjeldahl method. The content of total carbohydrate was determined by the following equation: Carbohydrate (%) = 100- {Moisture (%) + Protein (%) + Fat (%) + Ash (%)} The gross food energy was estimated by using the equation19, 20: FE = (% CHO x 4) + (% CF x 9) + (% CP x 4) Where: FE = Food Energy in Kcal /g, CF = Crude Fat, CP = Crude Protein. Vitamin C was determined titrimetrically using 2,6-dichliorophenolindophenol. Beta carotene content of the tropical fruit samples was estimated by using spectrophotometer after chromatographic separation of pigments14. Ash was determined by heating sample at 600^oC for six hours or until a constant weight was reached. Sodium and potassium contents were determined by flame photometric method23. Zinc and copper was estimated by using spectrophotometer. Manganese, iron and phosphorus content were determined spectrophotometrically by AOAC official methods of analysis. Calcium and Magnesium was determined titrimetrically.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.10 No.2 Apr’11

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

This study indicates that the tropical fruits of Bangladesh are excellent source of antioxidant vitamins like vitamin C, beta-carotene and antioxidant minerals such as zinc, copper, manganese, iron. These fruits are rich source of fiber but poor source of protein and fat. These are also rich source of potassium, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium. Carbohydrate and brix content as well good in tropical fruits. The major findings of this study include that star gooseberry, monkey jack, pineapple and golden apple are very rich in antioxidant vitamins and minerals, mango, blackberry, jackfruit and carambola are also rich whereas melon and java apple are insufficient in antioxidant vitamins and minerals. Although local fruits contain ample amount of micronutrients, Bangladeshi people have a tendency to purchase the high cost foreign fruits due to ignorance, and unavailable of food composition table of fruits. This study will help the people to measure nutrient content and fulfill the daily requirement by cheap and local food items. If we enhance the regular intake of fruits, then it is possible to alleviate prevailing micronutrient deficiency problem from Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal