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Effect of Some Medicinal Plant Extracts on Damping-off Disease of Winter Vegetable

M.T. Islam
Department of Plant Pathology, 1Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

A.N. Faruq
Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Effect of some plant extracts against damping-off disease of some winter vegetable was studied in the net house. Seed treatment with neem leaf, garlic clove, allamonda leaf, ginger rhizome, kalijira seed, bel leaf,turmeric rhizome, katamehedi leaf and onion bulb were evaluated against damping-off, seed germination and growth characters of tomato, eggplant and chilli seedlings. All the treatments were significantly reduced percent damping-off of these three vegetable over untreated control. The most effective treatment was neem leaf extract followed by garlic clove and allamonda leaf extracts in terms of suppressing damping-off disease incidence with increasing plant growth characters. The seed germination of three vegetable seedlings was also increased after sowing plant extracts treated seed in the pot. The highest seed germination of tomato (86.67 %), eggplant(86.33%) and chilli (90.33%) was recorded after seed treatment with neem leaf extract. Neem leaf extracts showed the best effect on reducing damping-off and increasing germination as well as growth characters of vegetable seedling. Garlic clove extract and allamonda leaf extract showed the better result followed by neem leaf extract in reducing percent damping-off of tomato, eggplant and chilli seedlings.

Keywords: Plant extract, Damping-off, Vegetable, Tomato, Chilli, Eggplant

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI),Gazipur, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Extract (plant, seed)

Objectives:

The present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of different plant extracts as a seed treating agent against damping-off pathogens of eggplant, tomato and chilli seedlings.

Methodology:

The varieties used in this study were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh. Garlic, ginger, kalizira,onion, neem, allamanda, katamehedi and bel were used asa seed treating agents. The plant extracts were prepared using the method of Ashrafuzzaman and Hossain, 1992. Briefly, collected leaves were weighted in an electric balance and then washed in the water. After washing, the big leaves were cut into small pieces. For getting extract, weighted plant parts were blended in an electric blender and distilled water was added into the blender. The pulverized mass was squeezed through 3 folds of fine cotton cloth. Forgetting 1:2 (w/v) ratio 200 ml of distilled water was added with 100 g plant parts. Seeds were treated by dipping separately in different extracts. For this, different plant extracts were poured indifferent sterilized conical flask. Then four hundred seeds per treatment were dipped in the solution for 30 minutes. Then the excess extract was drained off and treated seeds were kept in blotting paper to remove excess moisture from seed surface and dry in the open air.The seeds were sown in the pot at the rate of 100seeds/pot. The following parameters were considered for recording data: seed germination, percent damping-off, seedling height, shoot length, root length, fresh shoot weight, fresh root weight, dry root weight, dry shoot weight and average biomass. Percent germination was observed at 13 DAS for tomato, 18 DAS for chilli and eggplant. Damping-off disease incidence was recorded at25 days after sowing for tomato and 30 days after sowing for chilli and egg-plant. Seedling growth characters such as shoot length, root length, seedling height, fresh shoot weight, fresh root weight, dry shoot weight, dry root weight and biomass were also recorded at 30 DAS for tomato and 35 DAS for chilli and egg-plant. To identify the damping-off associated pathogens,diseased plants were collected from the pot and were taken to the laboratory. The diseased plants were cut into small pieces (about 0.5-1cm) and surface sterilized by dipping in HgCl solution (0.01%) for 30 second. The cut2pieces were then washed in sterilized water for three times and were placed onto PDA media in sterilized petridish with the help of sterile forceps and the PDA plates were incubated at 25±1°C for 7-10 days. Latter the pathogen was purified using hyphal tip culture method grown on PDA media at 25±1°c for 2 weeks. Causal organism was identified under stereomicroscope and compound microscope. The collected diseased plants were also kept in 3 layers of blotter in plastic petridish that was soaked in sterilized water.

Source of Information: World Applied Sciences Journal 17 (11): 1498-1503, 2012 ISSN 1818-4952

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Pre-emergence and post-emergence damping-off is the most common and prevalent disease of vegetable seedlings which affects seed germination and seedling survival. The findings of the present study indicate that plant extracts have promising effect against damping-off causing pathogens. The plant products in fungi management could reduce over dependence on one source of agricultural chemicals to the farmers as well as reduce the production cost. Among the different tested plant extracts, neem leaf extracts showed promising effect in reducing percent damping and increasing germination and growth characters of vegetable seedlings. Garlic clove extract and allamonda leaf extract have also showed better result in terms of reducing damping-off of vegetable seedling.

Knowledge Management: Journal