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Effects of Artificial Food Additives in Vietnam Koi, Anabas Testudineus (bloch, 1792) Pond Culture System.

Mohammad Abdul Waseeh
Department of Fisheries & Marine Science, Noakhali Science & Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh

AFM Arifur Rahman
Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology. Kumamoto University, Kurokami, Chou-ku, Kumamoto, Japan

Najmus Sakib Khan
Department of Oceanography, Noakhali Science & Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

To evaluate the effects of artificial food additives on feedings efficiency, growth performances, survival and production of Vietnami climbing perch (Anabas testudineus), A 97 days on-farm experiment was carried out. The study was conducted into three earthen ponds with two replications of each. Two different and locally available artificial food additives (Rapid Grow and Biozyme) were used in the experimentation and experimental unit were indicated as control (C), Treatment 1 (T₁ –Rapid Grow) and Treatment 2 (T₂ –Biozyme). About 500 fry (Average wt.2 g) were stocked in each experimental pond and fed four times in a day (8 a.m.11 a.m.2p.m and 5 p. m.). Highest average food conversion ratios (FCR) were found in control 1.85, 1.48 and 1.56, T₁, and T₂ respectively. Average protein efficiency ratios (PER) were 0.86±0.036, 0.91±0.044 and 0.92±0.037 in control, T₁, and T₂ respectively. The specific growth rate (SGR) was found 0.68±0.125%/d in the control, 0.83±0.242%/d in T₁ and 0.99±0.128%/d in T₂ respectively. Average daily gain (ADG) was found higher in T₂ (3.18±1.576g/d), than in T₁ (3.01±1.635 g/d) and in control (2.66±1.486 g/d)_. The survival rates were found 92.75%, 98.5% and 96.85% in Control, T₁ and T₂ respectively. It was observed that growth performances and feeding efficiency were in increased in T₁ than that of T₂ and Control respectively. The best growth was found case of Vietnami koi (Anabas testudineus). The BCR was found better in T₂ than T₁, lowest BCR found in control. Finding suggest that artificial food additives has profound on feedings efficiency, growth performances, survival and production of Vietnami climbing perch (Anabas testudineus). However, more off farm and intensive trials are suggested to optimize the effect artificial food additives in growth and feeding regime for better fingerlings survival rate, production performance and profit.

Keywords: Vietnam Koi, Food Additives, Growth performance, Feed efficiency

Location: Sadar Dakshin Upazilla, Comilla, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-05-2014

End Date: 00-08-2014

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Koi/Climbing

Objectives:

To determine the effects of artificial food additives in growth performance and feeding efficiencey and survivality of Vietnam pond in cmmerecial aqiacultnd subsequently on pond productivity.

Methodology:

Study area and experimental design- The research was carried out at a commercial aquaculture farm located at Sadar Dakshin Upazilla, Comilla, Bangladesh, from May 21 to August 28, 2014 in six earthen rearing ponds with a surface area of 1.18 acre with an average depth of 1.0 meter. Three treatments with two replicas of each. Fry source- The fry of Vietnami koi A. testudenius used in this experiment were collected from a private hatchery named Abrar Agro Fisheries & Hatcheries situated at Fulpur, Mymensingh. Fish fries were carried to the study area under well oxygenated conditions and fry release between 6 am to 7 am. Feeding Schedule and Frequency- The fish was fed four times a day. The amount of feed given was estimated by until satiation point treatment. The fish was fed four time a day (8am, 11am and 2pm; 5pm). Initially feed were given at the rate of 35% of their body weight. When the experimental fish attained the weight 200gm (average body weight), the amount of the feed gradually decreased and it was given finally at rate of 2% (BW). Multivitamin and Enzyme mixed with feed- Multivitamin (Rapid Grow) mixes 3gm/kg feed from 2.7.14 to 28.8.14 in T₁ and Biozyme (enzyme) mixes 2gm/kg feed 2.7.14 to 28.8.14 in T₂ pond. Chemical applied in culture pond water- Gasonex Plus, Aqua Magic Plus and Polgard plus were used in every 10 days interval in both treatment (T₁ and T₂). Sampling & health monitoring- The growth performance was assessed by recording the rate of growth in terms of gain in length (cm) and in weight (g). Sampling was done at 7 days interval to determine, growth efficiencies (ADG, SGR) and feeding efficiency (FCR, PER). The fry were checked once a week to inspect for signs of malnutrition or disease. The total number of samples was 14 for the above mentioned variables. Weight was taken with a balance meter (CAMRY Balance – China) and length with a measuring scale. All the data recorded in a note book and spread sheet and then finally calculated the average length and weight of fishes according to treatment on each sampling day. At the end of the period all harvested live fish were counted and weighed to determine survival rate and yield Dissolved oxygen, pH, NH4+were monitored in the culture ponds at the time of fish sampling. Water quality parameters- To maintain water quality, water temperature, pH, Dissolved oxygen (DO) and ammonia were measured at 7 days interval. Temperature was recorded by using a Celsius thermometer. DO, pH, NH₃ were measured directly by a Wellvet DO meter -Thailand, a VET pH test kit-Thailand and WELL AMMONIUM test kit-Thailand respectively. Data Analysis- Specific growth rate (SGR), food conversion efficiency (FCR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were calculated by using following formula SGR (% / day) = (Ln. Final body weight - Ln.Initial body weight)/days x 100; % Weight gain = (Final body weight -Initial body weight)/ Initial body weight x 100; FCR = Food fed (g dry weight)/ Live weight gain (g); PER = Live weight gain (g)/ protein fed (g dry weight). Survival rate (%) = No. of actual fish survived / No. of actual fish stocked x 100, Cost-benefit ratio = Gross income/ Gross cost. The data were analyzed through one way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) using SPSS (ver. 12, Inc., Chicago, USA). Standard deviation in each parameter and treatment was calculated and expressed as mean ± SD. The level of significance pond was set at 5% (P>0.05)

Source of Information: International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research ISSN: 2456-7248; Volume 5; Issue 3; 2020; Page No. 50-54

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Achievement/Findings:

The investigation reported here that supplemented multivitamin and enzyme in the fish diet would achive better production through effective growth, feeding efficiency and suitable survival rate. Increased PER, ADG and SGR has demonstrated the hypothesis that food additives help to better utilization of supplies feed and performed significant production. This information might influence the Vietnami Koi fish (A. testudineus) farmers if demonstrated massive field trail. Further studies should be conducted on multivitamin, and growth promoter levels on fish larvae and brood stock of Koi fish. More research is needed to evaluate the involvement of combine effect on multivitamin, synthetic enzyme and bioenzyme and growth promoter to physiological function of fish. Production of adequate quality of Vietnami koi fish through application of present findings might be helpful to meet up the demand of protein as daily ration and monoculture technology of Vietnami koi can be postulated as the ideal method of choice for an eco-socio- economically sustainable koi, culture in Bangladesh.

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