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Monitoring Dynamic Land-use Change in Rural–urban Transition: a Case Study from Hathazari Upazila, Bangladesh

Mohammad Muzammal Hossain Bhuiyan
Monitoring dynamic land-use change in rural–urban transition: a case study from Hathazari Upazila, Bangladesh

Kamrul Islam
Department of Systems Innovation, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Kazi Nazrul Islam
Monitoring dynamic land-use change in rural–urban transition: a case study from Hathazari Upazila, Bangladesh

Mohammed Jashimuddin
Department of Forestry, The Papua New Guinea University of Technology, Lae, Papua New Guinea

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study evaluates land-use/cover change (LULCC) and urban expansion in Hathazari Upazila, Chittagong, between 1977 and 2017 using satellite images. Spatial and temporal dynamics of LULCC was quantified using three Landsat images, a supervised classification algorithm, and the post-classification change detection technique through geographic information system. The overall supervised classification accuracy of the Landsat-derived land-use/cover maps ranged from 74% to 91%. The analysis revealed substantial growth of settlement (146%) and agricultural land (124%) in Hathazari Upazila, Chittagong, over the study period which resulted in significant decrease in the area of water bodies (68.9%), homestead (54.4%), and hill forest (43.3%). The research quantified the patterns of LULCC for the last 40 years for Hathazari Upazila, Chittagong, that might contribute to both development of sustainable urban land-use planning decisions and probable growth patterns.

Keywords: Urbanization, Land-use and land-cover change, RS and GIS, Urban planning, Urban expansion

Location: Hathazari Upazila, Chittagong

Start Date: 00-00-1977

End Date: 00-00-2017

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Non-commodity: Performance

Objectives:

This study aims to (1) to classify the land use of the study area in different temporal periods and (2) to analyze how the land use of the study area changed over the period of time.

Methodology:

Study area The study was conducted in Hathazari Upazila of Chittagong district. Hathazari Upazila is located between 22°37'57.97″ and 22°24'7.78″ north latitude and 91°42'23.03″ and 91°52?39.62″ east longitude. Hathazari is bounded by Fatikchhari Upazila in the northeast, Raozan Upazila in the east, Chittagong City Corporation in the south, and Sitakunda Upazila in the west (MoL, 2011). Satellite data collection and image processing Satellite imagery viz. Landsat-8 OLI-TIRS (Operational Land Imager-Thermal Infrared Sensor), Landsat-5 TM (Thematic Mapper), and Landsat-2 MSS (Multispectral Scanner) were collected from USGS (United States Geological Survey) database for the time period of 2017, 1997, and 1977, respectively. The resolution of different spectral band varies depending on the nature of the satellite mission. However, in general, the spatial resolution of Landsat-8 and Landsat-5 is 30 m whereas for Landsat-2, it is 60 m, respectively. Cloud and unwanted shade free imagery were set as the criteria during image selection. The reason behind this is that the imagery having cloud could substantially reduce the accuracy of the classification. area were collected from a wider area. This helps to trace the category without further complexities. These data were used in the later stage to identify different land-use categories from the image and the process was followed for all the six classes. The recorded land-use data were used to identify the pixel color tone of 2017 image while training the dataset. At least 10 latitude–longitude points were considered in this case to verify the pixel color tone. After finding the specific cell of a certain land use, polygons were drawn from the classifier. For each land-use class, nearly 30 polygons were drawn to train the software. These data were saved as a signature file and used later. This whole process was done for all the land-use classes and studied imageries. The signature file was used to classify the satellite imageries. Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) algorithm was used to classify the imageries as it can perform well among the others. Following equations were used to assess the change, percentage of change, and annual rate of change.

Source of Information: Geology, Ecology, and Landscapes Volume 3, 2019 - Issue 4

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Bangladesh is gradually transitioning toward industrialization. The trend of economic growth is on the rise. On the other hand, population of the country is still increasing rapidly. All these factors are fueling up the process of urbanization. The urban land-use system is a complex and dynamic one. Monitoring such dynamic land use is essential for sustainable urban development and planning. RS and GIS are widely used tools for land-use change assessment. The findings from this research suggest that agriculture land is increasing fast in the area whereas hill forest is disappearing gradually. One important pattern of land-use change in the area is the formation of urban cluster. This pattern of urban cluster formation may face serious environmental problems which is already going on in major cities of the country (e.g., Dhaka, Chittagong, Khulna). In this regard, integrated land-use planning could be adopted to reduce the severity of such problems. This research may contribute in this case while addressing the information gap.

Knowledge Management: Journal