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Research Detail

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Md. Habibur Rahman*
Department of Forestry and Environmental Science, School of Agriculture and Mineral Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet-3114, Bangladesh

Mohammed Abu Sayed Arfin Khan
Department of Forestry and Environmental Science, School of Agriculture and Mineral Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet-3114, Bangladesh

Most. Jannatul Fardusi
Department of Forestry and Environmental Science, School of Agriculture and Mineral Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet-3114, Bangladesh

Bishwajit Roy
Department of Forestry and Environmental Science, School of Agriculture and Mineral Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet-3114, Bangladesh

This paper analyzes data on the composition, status, diversity, and distribution pattern of invasive forest undergrowth species in a protected area (Khadimnagar National Park) of Northeastern Bangladesh. Assessment was done by means of stratified random sampling to diversify the invasive forest undergrowth species. For vegetation survey, 45 plots were taken randomly in (2 m × 2 m) circular plot from three topographical regions namely top of the hill, middle slope and plain land (15 plots from each region) and a total of 715 individuals, 22 invasive species belonging to 17 families were recorded from the study site. Among invasive species, shrubs constitute 10 species, herbs 9 species, and vines 3 species respectively. Mass number of invasive undergrowth species was grows in plain land (45.45%) followed by middle slope (31.82%). Based on the survey, invasive undergrowth plants of study areas were also categorized into three degrees of invasiveness e.g., highly invasive, moderately invasive and potentially invasive. Herbs, shrubs, and vines constitute the highest density at Chromolaema odorata (Linn.) King. (1.09), relative density at Chromolaema odorata (Linn.) King. 6.85%; highest and lowest frequency was calculated at Cassia alata L. (64.44%) and Diplazium esculentum (24.44%); for relative frequency the highest was Cassia alata L., which occupies 6.64%. Determination of the abundance of the different species revealed that Cassia alata L., constitutes (3.36) followed by Pteris cretica Wilsonii (3.14) of the area. The presence of invasive undergrowth species always reduced the number of associated species. Therefore, an extensive in-depth long-term investigation, proper policy formulation and management interventions and further study and continuous monitoring on their impacts need to be triggered targeting the control of the invasive undergrowth species of this protected area. In this aspect, national and international organization could help to conserve its biodiversity.

  Protected area, Invasive undergrowth species, Diversity index, Quantitative structure, Biodiversity, Bangladesh
  
  
  
  Conservation and Biodiversity
  Plant

This study will provide the baseline information for the policy makers to understand the status, composition, diversity and structure of forest undergrowth invasive species, as well as to formulate biodiversity conservation planning highlighting prevention of invasive undergrowth species from the forests of Bangladesh along with for using them as sustainable basis (positive impact) and maintenance significant of biodiversity

Study area Sylhet, situated in the northeastern region of Bangladesh, supports a considerable portion of the country’s forest lands with diversified landscapes including plain lands, hills, reed lands, and fresh water swamp depressions. Sylhet Forest Division laying between 23°55’-25°12’ north latitude and 90°55’-92°30’ east longitude, consists of 46,976 hectares reserve forests, 4,426 hectares acquired forests, 2,160.97 hectares Unclassified State Forest (USF) and 24,109 hectares proposed reserve forests. The whole region is rich in floral diversity including herbs, shrubs, trees, climbers, bamboos, canes, reeds, grasses, and epiphytes (Patwary, 1999). Sylhet is located on the northern bank of the Surma River. The physiography of Sylhet comprises mainly of hill soils, encompassing a few large depressions known locally as “beels”. The Sylhet Forest Division is extended over four districts, namely Sylhet, Sunamgonj, Moulvibazar, and Hobigonj under the central circle of the Forest Department. For this research work, the primary data was collected from early October 2009 to late January 2010. The present study was conducted in two phases namely, topographical site selection and sample plot selection. Data collection from the topographical strata namely top of the hill, middle of the hill and plain land was carried out at the first phase and sample plot selection at the second phase. Sample plot selection Total 45 sample plots, 15 from each location, were randomly selected for study. The optimum quadrate size of 2 m × 2 m circular was determined as it minimize the edge effect of taking sample plots. Primary data was collected about invasive species status, and composition, such as counted number of herbs, shrubs, vines, etc. and recorded this for further analysis. The main objective of this survey is to explore the status, diversity, and richness of the invasive species in the Khadimnagar National Park area. Quantitative analysis Within each plot, the number and name of all the plants were counted and recorded. Different species in the area have been gathered and representative samples have been collected for herbarium preparations. The collected specimens were identified following Prain (1903), Brandis (1906) and Heinig (1925) and local people and taxonomist. Density, relative density, frequency, relative frequency, abundance, and Importance Value Index (IVI) were calculated through Shukla and Chandal (2000) and Dallmeier et. al., (1992). In the present study, five diversity indexes were analyzed to get a clear picture of invasive plants diversity of the study area.

  Journal of Forest Science Vol. 26, No. 3, pp. 149~159, December 2010
  
Funding Source:
1.   Budget:  
  

Invasive forest undergrowth species are able to invade new habitats and constantly extend their distribution, thereby representing a threat to native species, human health, or other economic or social interests. Still the native plant species of the country have been enriched with new species and varieties introduced from overseas but the invasive plants are becoming a major threat to natural ecosystems and other species. In recent times, higher anthropogenic and change in the disturbance regimes resulted in the depletion of the species diversity as well as invasion of other plants. Furthermore, in our study area increased human population has resulted in increased demands for natural resources, leading to severe resource exhaustion, especially deforestation. A number of invasive species are known, or would appear, to have a major impact on Sylhet Forest ecosystem. These species affect the forest ecosystem through different ways. These negative impacts are ecological, economic, and environmental. In Khadimnagar National park, as far as our exploration shows invasion is still at convenient stage. Adequate measures should be taken to protect Khadimnagar National Park from this problem. In spite of this, extensive in-depth long-term investigation on the invasive plants of Khadimnagar National park and further study is highly recommended to reexamine the present findings. Proper policy formulation and management interventions also need to be triggered targeting the control of the invasive plants of Khadimnagar National park as well as Sylhet Forest Division. The national and international organization and media concerned with biodiversity conservation should give more emphasis on well plan and have to be ensured scientific management of forest so that it would be a potential biodiversity conservation area of Bangladesh.

  Journal
  


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