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Effects of Shelter on Growth and Survival of Asian Catfish (clarias Batrachus)

Sheikh Sahiduzzaman
Fisheries and Marine Resource Technology Discipline Khulna University, Khulna- 9208, Bangladesh

Tauhiduzzaman
Fisheries and Marine Resource Technology Discipline Khulna University, Khulna- 9208, Bangladesh

Sheikh Mustafizur Rahman
Fisheries and Marine Resource Technology Discipline Khulna University, Khulna- 9208, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted for 28 days to determine the effect of different shelters on growth and survival rate of Asian catfish, Clarias batrachus. The Larvae were investigated in aquariums (50× 30× 30cm3) each containing 25 L of water. Initial average length of larva was 2.30 cm which weighed 0.19 g were released into aquarium: floating shelter (T₁), earthen vat shelter (T₂), PVC pipe shelter (T₃), without shelter (T₀ is control group). Each treatment was conducted with three replications. The larvae were fed Tubifex sp. twice a day until satiation. Water quality parameters were found within the productive range (temperature: 28.65±0.79°C, DO: 6.22±0.50 mg L-1, pH: 7.76±0.19, and NH₃: 0.8±0.7 mg L-¹) for all treatments. Larva reared in aquaria with floating shelter showed the highest growth rate, specific growth rate (SGR), coefficient of variance (CV) compared to others. The average final weight at the end of 28 days experiment in control, floating shelter, earthen vat shelter and PVC pipe shelter was 0.62, 0.77, 0.72, 0.66 gm respectively while the average final length in these treatments was 3.32, 4.53, 4.32, 3.86 cm respectively. On the contrary, there was almost no effect of shelter was found on the survival rate (96-98%) of the larvae during the experimental period. Based on these findings, availability of floating shelters appears to be comfortable for C. batrachus.

Keywords: Shelter, Growth, Survival, Clarias batrachus, Larvae, Aquarium, Catfish

Location: Chachra, Jessore

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Cat fish

Objectives:

The present study was to test the effect of shelter on growth performance and survivability of Clarias batrachus larvae.

Methodology:

Twelve-day-old larvae of Asian catfish (Clarius batrachus) were collected from Chachra at Jessore, Bangladesh. They were kept in a large aquarium at the wet fish laboratory of Fisheries and Marine Resource Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna and had been acclimatized for two days before starting the experiment. The fishes were divided into four groups: T₀ was control group with no shelter, and T₁, T₂, T₃ were treatment groups with shelters. Floating shelters (T₁), earthen vats (T₂), circular polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes (T₃) of various sizes were added into the treatment groups as shelters. To quantify the growth performance, the change in mass and length over time was used as the growth rate for this experiment. Measuring of the wet mass (g) and length (cm) of the fishes was done on the initial day (day 0) and at every 7 days interval during the experiment (day 7, 14, 21, 28). Each experiment consists of the replication of three. About three fourth (3/4) of water was changed at 2 days interval. Water exchange was done by siphoning to remove feces, uneaten feed and the dead juveniles (if any). Adhered dirt inside the aquarium walls and shelters was cleaned once a week. Continuous aeration was ensured for rearing throughout the experimental periods. Temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH and Ammonia (NH₄) of water in larval rearing system were monitored regularly. Temperature reading was taken with a Celsius thermometer, dissolved oxygen (DO) of water was measured by titration and also with a digital DO meter (Lutron DO-5510) and pH reading was taken with the help of a portable pH meter. After proper sorting, twelve-day-old larvae of Asian catfish (Clarius batrachus) of initial total length of 2.3 cm and weight 0.19 g were stocked in aquarium (50 × 30 ×30 cm³) containing 25 liters of water at a stocking density of 50 larvae per aquarium. Fresh Tubifex was left in continuous water flow to keep them alive for three to four days. Tubifex worms were also preserved in a refrigerator in small cubes. Before feeding, cube was thawed and given to the fish. The feeding frequency was 2 times per day (9.00 am and 8.00 pm) at their satiation level. Samplings were done by scoop nets and fifteen fishes were caught randomly from each aquarium to measure their length and weight. Weekly measurements were carried out for weight gain (to the nearest g) with an electric balance (Mettler Toledo, B303-S; accuracy 0.0000 g) and for length gain (to the nearest cm) with a measuring scale. Simple statistical tools such as average, percentage and range were used as and when necessary. Statistical analysis was done using computer based word processing system, Microsoft excel and SPSS (version16). One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied on the data to assess the treatment effect.

Source of Information: International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research Volume 3; Issue 1; January 2018; Page No. 60-63, ISSN: 2456-7248;

Article Link (Online Journal): www.fishjournals.com

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The growth of Clarias batrachus larvae in tank or aquarium were shelter dependent. In the present rearing trial, no effect of shelter on survivability was found. The average growth rate was the highest in floating shelter followed by earthen vat, PVC pipe and control. Considering overall growth performances of C. batrachus larvae, introduction of floating shelter such as aquatic weeds (hyacinth, pistia, lemna etc.), leaves of coconut trees or even artificial floating devices could be alternative approach for the rearing of this native catfish species.

Knowledge Management: Journal