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Occurrence of Protozoan Parasites from Climbing Perch, Anabas Testudineus from Open Waters of Bangladesh

Fatima Nahar Kabita
Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Md. Aminul Islam Bhuiyan
Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Zannatun Nahar Jhinu
Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Rita Parveen
Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted to identify the protozoan parasites and to determine their occurrence and diversity in climbing perch, Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1972). The sample fish species were collected from mid-October, 2018 to end of the December 2018 from freshwater bodies of Mymensingh, Kishoregonj, Faridpur and Jashore districts. Three species of myxozoa (Henneguya mystusia, Henneguya qadrii and Henneguya acerinae) and 4 species of ciliophora (Trichodina acuta, Trichodina spp., Epistylis lwoffi and Amphileptus disciformis) were identified in A. testudineus. Approximately 76.19% of total fish species were infected by at least one of the parasites with average load of 71.38±32.26 per infected host. Myxozoans (97.55%) were clearly dominant group than chiliophorans (2.45%). The highest prevalence of parasitic infection was observed in the fishes of Mymensingh (100%) and lowest in Jashore (40%).The association of parasitic infection of H. mystusia (p=0.018), H. qadrii (p= 0.00044), H. acerinae (p=0.003), Trichodina acuta (p= 0.052)and A. disciformis (p= 0.023) with study area was statistically significant. Protozoan parasites were most abundant in gills of the hosts. Shannon Diversity Index indicated that hosts were not infested by more parasites and the parasite community was poorly diverged in all study sites but Simpson’s Diversity Index showed that, parasites community was moderately diverged in host fish of Mymensingh area and in rest of areas they were poorly diverged.

Keywords: Protozoa, Parasite, Infection, Occurrence, Prevalence, Anabas testudineus

Location: Mymensingh, Kishoregonj, Faridpur and Jashore districts.

Start Date: 00-10-2018

End Date: 00-12-2018

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Koi/Climbing

Objectives:

The present study was an attempt to build a base line data of protozoan parasites of A. testudineus in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Collection of host sample: To investigate the protozoan parasites of Anabas testudineus in Bangladesh, the study was performed in four different areas of Bangladesh. A total of 21 specimens of wild host fishes were collected alive from the open freshwater bodies of Kishoreganj (Kuliar char- 24°10'40"N, 90°50'57" E), Mymensingh (Ishawrganj-24°41'16" N, 90°35'58" E), Faridpur (Dumain union- 23°32?50' N, 89°31?22"E) and Jashore (Purondorpur, Jhikorgacha upazila- 23°5'51" N, 89°5'53" E)with the help of fishermen during mid-October, 2018 to end of the December 2018.Sample size of fishes collected from each area was not sharply equal. However, area wise sample size was: Kishoreganj- 5, Mymensingh- 9, Faridpur- 5 and Jashore- 10 fishes. Sample preparation: The fish were examined immediately after collection. The external surfaces of the fish were observed carefully using a magnifying glass. External surface of the fishes were examined and recorded for any abnormalities. Evidences were collected from the body slime, gill slime and blood of host fishes which are the best suited micro-habited for protozoan parasites to get harbor. Smears of body slime, gill slime and blood were made on glass slides on the spot and fixed them in ethanol for further observation in the laboratory. Giemsa’s stain technique were used for rapid demonstration of nuclei in ciliates and in microsporidian spores and Klein’s dry silver impregnation method were used for staining mobiline peritrichs and other ciliates from the surface of fish. The slides were observed under microscope to note the presence or absence of protozoan parasites. Counts of parasites found in selected organs were recorded. The numbers of observed parasites were counted for statistical analysis and microscopic photographs were captured for the identification of species with the help of 10-megapixel digital camera. Protozoans were identified according to the description of Lom and Dyková (1992), Sarkar (1985), Eiras (2002), Kalavati and Nandi (2007), Bash? and Abdullah (2010), Kibria et al. (2010). Some parasites could not be identified up to species level because these did not match with any of the available published description. Moreover, it seems reasonable to make detail observation where necessary to come to an inference. Trichodina sp. was identified up to genus level. Data analysis: Statistical analyses were carried out using Microsoft Excel 2010 and IBM SPSS version 20. Fisher's Exact test (as the sample size was small fisher exact test was done instead of Chi square test) was performed. Significance levels were set at p≤0.05.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(1): 127-140, 2020

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v48i1.47882

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Since the host fish play an important role as food fish, assessing the parasitic infestation is necessary to limit further damage. A primary database of protozoan parasites of A. testudineus has been established by the present study which will be supportive for further extension regarding this spectrum in future. For more specification, an extensive study including larger and diverse sample size might be undertaken.

Knowledge Management: Journal