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Effect of Paddy-straw Based Total Mixed Ration (tmr) on Milk Yield, Milk Composition and Rumen Parameters in Lactating Red Chittagong Cows

N.R. Sarker
Fodder Research and Development Project, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka

D. Yeasmin
Fodder Research and Development Project, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka

F. Tabassum
Fodder Research and Development Project, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka

M.A Habib
Fodder Research and Development Project, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was carried out for a period of 70 days to investigate the comparative advantages of feeding total mixed ration (TMR) over conventional feeding in Red Chittagong cows (RCC). 15 RCC milking cows were divided into 3 treatment groups in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Existing feeding was denoted as control group (T₀). TMR made with 60% roughage and 40% concentrate in the forms of block (T₁) and mash (T₂) were provided to other treatment groups. DM and CP intake was significantly (p<0.001) higher in T₁ group. Body weight gains were not differed significantly, but better milk yield (p<0.001) and milk components were observed in TMR feeding groups. Except ADF, other nutrient digestibility in TMR group were significantly (p<0.05) better than T₀. Total volatile fatty acids (p<0.01) and ammonia-nitrogen (p<0.05) in TMR feeding groups were significantly higher than T₀. Considering overall observation, TMR either in block or mash performed better than control.

Keywords: Dairy cows,TMR, Rumen fermentation, Milk, Milk composition

Location: Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar Dhaka, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-05-2016

End Date: 00-08-2016

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Fodder, Cow

Objectives:

To know the effect of paddy straw based TMR on nutrient intake, milk yield, milk composition, nutrient utilization and rumen environment of Red Chittagong cows.

Methodology:

The research was conducted at Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar Dhaka, Bangladesh for a period of 70 days from 31^th May to 8th August, 2016. According to Complete Randomized Design (CRD) a total of 15 early lactating Red Chittagong cows were selected considering their same average initial milk yield and divided into 3 treatment. One group was considered as control (T₀) and fed conventional feed that supplied to the animal at the farm. This 100 kg conventional diet composed with 82 kg napier-3 silage, 5 kg wheat bran, 2 kg wheat broken, 1.5kg kheshari bran, 4.5 kg soybean meal, 2 kg maize crushed, 0.5 kg salt, 2.5 kg DCP. Another two groups were fed TMR (60% roughages: 40% concentrate), in which one was fed TMR block (T₁) and another TMR mash (T₂). Rice straw was chosen for the roughage component of TMR and which was chopped into 1.5-2.00 inch by a chopper machine before preparation of TMR. Rice straw along with other ingredients were analyzed to determine the DM. After nutritional evaluation, all the concentrate ingredients (40%) were well mixed manually and then those mixture were properly mixed with roughage (60%) and made in a block form by pressing manually and a gross weight of about 5 kg. The 100 kg TMR mixture composed of 60 kg rice straw and 40 kg concentrate mixture (25 kg soybean meal, 10 kg molasses, 1 kg wheat bran, 1 kg khesari bran, 2.5 kg di-calcium phosphate and 0.5 kg salt.). All experimental animals were drenched with anti-helminthes (Albendazole) prior to the commencement of the feeding trial. Cows were stall fed with zero grazing. Every day required amount of molasses and water solution was properly mixed with previously made TMR mash and provided twice daily (once in the morning at 8.00 am and rest in the afternoon at 4.00 pm). Fresh, clean and safe drinking water was available for the animals. In order to determine digestibility of supplied feed, a conventional digestibility trial was carried out at the middle of the feeding trial considering 7 days adjustment period and 7 days collection periods. During that period, daily feed intake, feces and urine voided were recorded and collected individually. At the end of the collection period the feces were composites together and then proximate components of each of the samples were analyzed in Animal Nutrition Laboratory at BLRI. Individual morning and evening milk yield of lactating cows were recorded daily. Milk samples were collected from each cow at 15 days interval and were analyzed for fat, protein, lactose, SNF and total ash contents by milk analyzer (Lactostar, Funk Gurbar). Fat corrected milk yield (FCMY) were calculated by using following formula of 4% FCM = 0.4 x milk yield (kg) + 15 x fat yield (kg) as stated by Gains (1928). There were three treatments with 5 replications (animals) in each group. Thus the design of the experiment was completely randomized design (CRD). The data were analyzed using the "SPSS 17.0" statistical program using one way ANNOVA. Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was done to compare among the treatment means for various parameters. Significant difference was declared when p<0.05.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 21-25: 69-81, 2018

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/bjlr.v0i0.45449

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results of the present experiment revealed that the ration fed in T₁ and T₂ are superior compared to that fed in T₀ in terms of milk yield, milk composition (fat, protein and lactose), the digestibility of different nutrients, TVFA and NH₃-N production. However, performance of the ration was not different between TMR block and TMR mash. TMR block may be more suitable during scarcity period because it is easy to handle and required low space for storage.

Knowledge Management: Journal