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Effect of Source of Irrigation Water on Yield Performance of Boro Rice

Abdul Latif
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bagladesh

Md. Shafiqul Islam*
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bagladesh

Ahmed Khairul Hasan
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bagladesh

Md. Abdus Salam
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bagladesh

Afrina Rahman
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bagladesh

Farhana Zaman
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bagladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Industrial wastewater is a major problem in Gazipur, Bangladesh which is very cheaply available in the surrounding area for crop production. An experiment was conducted at Farmer’s Field of Gazipur district to study the effect of irrigation water quality on yield of boro rice. The study comprised three varieties viz.,BR14, BRRI dhan28 and BRRI dhan29 and three sources of irrigation water viz.fresh water irrigation, mixed water (fresh + industrial wastewater) irrigation, industrial wastewater irrigation. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications where irrigation water was assigned in the main plot and rice varieties in the subplot. BRRI dhan29 produced the tallest plant (85.25 cm), the highest number of total tillers hill^-¹ (19.77), effective tillers hill^-1 (17.64), grains panicle^-¹ (111.0), sterile spikelets panicle^-1 (44.29), 1000-grain weight (22.43 g), grain yield (4.56 t ha^-1) and straw yield (7.99 t ha^-1). On the other hand, plant height (74.50 cm), total tillers hill^-¹ (19.82), effective tillers hill^-1(17.53), grains panicle^-¹ (131.7), sterile spikelets panicle^-1(35.50), 1000-grain weight (25.83 g), grain yield (5.05 t ha^-1) were found highest when applied fresh water irrigation. The highest numbers of grains panicle^-1 (119.14), 1000-grain weight (25.10 g), grain (5.54 t ha^-1) and straw (7.93 t ha^-1) yield were obtained in BRRI dhan29 with fresh water irrigation. Therefore, BRRI dhan29 with fresh water irrigation would be safe to use. However, if fresh water irrigation is not possible, conjunctive use of fresh and wastewater can be used as irrigation for BRRI dhan29.

Keywords: Boro rice, Fresh waterIrrigation, Industrial wastewater, Water quality

Location: Gazipur, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Water management, Rice

Objectives:

With this view in mind this research program was undertaken with rice as a test crop to evaluate the effect of industrial wastewater as irrigation on yield boro rice. This study also will give a direction to the farmers so that they can apply this knowledge for rice cultivation in boro season in the industrial areas of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Study area The experiment was conducted at Farmer’s Field, Kewa East Part village, Sreepur Upazilla, Gazipur district, Bangladesh. Geographically the experimental site is located at 24°09' N latitude and 90°26' E longitude at an elevation of 8.4 m above the sea level. The site belongs to the Shallow Red Brown Terrace soil (Brammer, 1971) under the Madhupur Tract Agro-ecologi-cal Zone (AEZ 28) (UNDP and FAO, 1988). The soil is silt clay loam in texture having pH 5.65 with poor fertility and impeded internal drainage. The climate and the locality are tropical in nature and is characterized by high temperature, high humidity and heavy rainfall with occasional gusty winds in kharif season (April to September) and scanty rainfall associated with moderately low temperature (<15°C) during the rabi season (October to March). Experimentation and crop husbandry The experiment comprised three varieties viz. BR14 (V1), BRRI dhan28 (V2) and BRRI dhan29 (V3), and three sources of irrigation water viz. fresh water irrigation (T1), fresh water irrigation + industrial wastewater irrigation (T2) and industrial wastewater irrigation (T3). Fresh water irrigation source was the electric motor pump which supplied from household water. It maintains proper nutrient and balanced quality of water. On the other hand, industrial waste water source was a canal filled with water supplied from different surrounding industries such as Amantex limited, Chittagong Denim Mills Ltd, and Fakhruddin Textile Mills Ltd. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications. Irrigation water treatment was assigned in the main plot and rice varieties in the subplot. Each replication represented a block and each block was divided into 9-unit plots. Total number of unit plot was 27. The size of unit plot was 4.0 m × 2.5 m. The distance maintained between two-unit plots was 0.5 m and between blocks was 1.0 m. Healthy seeds of BR14, BRRI dhan28, BRRI dhan29 were s used for this study. Seeds were immersed in water in bucket for 24 hours and then taken out of water and packed in the gunny bags for sprouting. The seeds sprouted after 72 hours. For raising seedlings, a piece of high land was selected. The land was prepared by puddling with a country plough then cleaned and leveled with ladder. After preparation of nursery bed, sprouted seeds were sown in the nursery bed and thirty-five days old seedlings were then transplanted in the main field with 3 seedlings hill^-¹ having 20 cm × 20 cm spacing. The experimental land was prepared by tractor drawn disc plough. Fertilizers were applied to the plots uniformly at the 250, 110, 125, 7.5 and 50 kg ha^-¹ urea, triple superphosphate, muriate of potash, zinc sulphate and gypsum, respectively (BRRI, 2010). The whole amount of triple superphosphate, muriate of potash and gypsum was applied at final land preparation. Fertilizers were applied before a day of transplanting. One third of Urea was applied at 15 days after transplanting (DAT) and the rest was applied in two equal splits at 30 DAT and 45 DAT. Intercultural operations were done for ensuring and maintaining the normal growth and development of the crops. Gap filling, weeding, irrigation, drainage, plant protection measures and bund repairing intercultural operations were done. When 90% of the grains became golden yellow, the crop was considered to be matured. Collection of data Five hills (excluding border hills and central 1.0 m × 1.0 m) were selected randomly from each experimental plot to record data on crop characters and yield contributing characters. An area of 1 m² was selected in the middle portion in each plot and harvested record the yields of grain and straw. The harvested crop of each plot was separately bundled, properly tagged and then brought to the clean threshing floor. The crop was threshed with a pedal thresher. Grains were then sun dried at 14% moisture level and cleaned. Straws also sun dried properly. Finally, straw and grain yield plot^-¹ were recorded and converted to t ha^-1. Statistical analysis The collected data were compiled and tabulated in proper from and subjected to statistical analysis. Data were analyzed following the analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique and mean differences were adjudged by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) using a computer operated program namely, MSTAT-C (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science 5(3): 254-260 (2020)

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2020.050304

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Among the varieties, BRRI dhan29 produced highest grain yield when fresh water was used as irrigation. Industrial waste water reduced the yield and yield associated traits of BRRI dhan29. Therefore, it may be recommended that fresh water irrigation would be safe to use for BRRI dhan29 rice production. However, if fresh water is not available, combined application of fresh and industrial waste water can be applied as irrigation water.

Knowledge Management: Journal