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Assessment of Production Performance in Relation to Limnological Properties in Low Depth Shrimp Ghers

Dr. Khan Kamal Uddin Ahmed
Chief Scientific Officer
Shrimp Research Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Present study was carried out to assess the production performance in relation to limnological properties of low depth shrimp ghers. In this context, a comprehensive survey was done to categorize the existing shrimp ghers of Bagerhat Sadar Upazilla and Tala Upazilla of Sathkhira covering each Union with minimum 10 ghers based on water depth. Among the ghers, 69% found between >1.5 to < 3 ft depth (T₂), 17% below ≤ 1.5 ft (T₃) and 14% ≥ 3 ft (T₁) in Bagerhat Sadar Upazilla and 56% found between >1.5 to < 3 ft depth (T₂), 19% below ≤ 1.5 ft (T₃) and 25% ≥ 3 ft (T₁). Among the water quality parameters of Bagerhat Sadar Upazilla the mean water temperature recorded (24.45+3.70^oC), (24.94+3.73^oC) and (25.1+3.86^oC) in T₁, T₂ and T₃ ghers respectively. The water pH of T₁, T₂ and T₃ghers were recorded (8.2+.33), (8.17+.34) and (8.24+.27) respectively. Dissolved Oxygen varied between 5.22+1.25 mg/l, (T₃) and 5.46+1.60 mg/l (T₁) and Ammonia was recorded (0.01+.03), (0.014+.03) and (0+0) mg/l in T₁, T₂ and T₃ghers respectively. The maximum salinity function was recorded in T₃(1.38+2.09 ppt) followed by (1.3+1.84ppt) of T₁ghers. The mean alkalinity was observed (156.22+17.68), (1.63+1.86) and (154.22+18.77) mg/l in T₁, T₂ and T₃ respectively. In Tala Upazilla The mean water temperature recorded 23.77+1.1, 24+1.18 and 24.27+1.14 ^oC in T₁, T₂ and T₃ treatments respectively. The pH of T₁, T₂ and T₃ghers was recorded 8.08+0.19, 7.85+0.36 and 8.0+0.33 respectively. Dissolved Oxygen was found minimum in T₂ (5.88+0.45 mg/l), maximum in T₁ (6.38+0.87) mg/l. Ammonia was recorded 0.01+.03 , 0.014+.03 and 0.53+05 mg/l in T₁, T₂ and T₃ghers respectively. The maximum salinity fluaction was recorded in T₃(3.86+0.72 ppt) the minimum was observed at T₂(2.97+0.41ppt) ghers. No significant different found for zooplankton group in the experimental farms. In the present study, higher densities of zooplankton (15.36 x 10³nos./L) compared to phytoplankton were recorded might be due to availability of nutrients and favorable water quality parameters. Cropping pattern was two cycles (fishes single, paddy single) per year, feeding frequencies was irregular and shrimp suitability and production ranged from (0-15)% and 63 kg/ha/cycle to 260 kg/ha/cycle. Low depth gher comparatively gives a better result in fin fishes than shrimp and creates a hazardous environment for shrimp post larvae survives, viral death, health risk and economically not viable for sustainable shrimp production.

Keywords: Shrimp gher, Penaeus monodon, Water depth

Location: Bagerhat Sadar Upazilla and Tala Upazilla of Sathkhira

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Shrimp

Objectives:

To survey and categorize the existing shrimp ghers based on water depth using altitude reading of GPS meter (Global Positioning System)
To determine the limnological parameters of waters and Chemical properties of soil in the selected ghers
To generate inter-relationship between production performances and water depths
To express the production performance of low depth gher through GIS mapping

Methodology:

The study was undertaken in Bagerhat Sadar Upazilla and Tala Upazilla throughout a production cycle from July 2015 to May 2017. For achieving objectives under this project, covering each Union of two Upazilla with minimum 10 ghers were randomly surveyed, which were categorized in three (T₁≥ 3 ft depth, T₂ >1.5 to < 3 ft depth, T₃≤ 1.5 ft depth) treatments. including each category (treatment) of ghers 09 ghers were considered for experiment in Bemarta and Khesra Union under Bagerhat Sadar and Tala Upazilla and each category has three replicates ranged in size (0.53 ha, 0.13 ha, 0.26 ha) and all the ghers were similar in configuration, basin and contour type, well-exposed to sunlight and natural air flow. Water and soil quality parameters were determined following standard methods.

Source of Information: Annual Report 2017-19. 232 p.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) : 20,00,000

Achievement/Findings:

Most of the shrimp ghers are under depth and farm owners faces excessive water crisis, poor salinity level and rapid fluctuation, PL death, Virus in shrimp, Production fall. Existed management system shows that the low stocked extensive culture systems in low depth shrimp farm with continuous long culture period has low survival and yield. This as usual farming system has negative impacts on salinity deposition on soil, adverse effects on population health, destroying biodiversity and ecosystems, environmental changes, and imbalance in sustainability. Sufficient water in crisis season, optimum salinity in water, virus free PL, re- excavation and continuous aeration in shrimp gher etc, these opportunities are essentially needed for shrimp farmers that will help to maintain optimum farm environment and getting sustainable shrimp production in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings