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Yield Performance of Boro Rice Through Integrated Application of Vermicompost, Biochar and Urea

Ahnaf Akif Alvi
Department of Agriculture, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh

Farjana Akter Tumpa
Department of Agriculture, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh

Kawsar Hossen
Department of Agriculture, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh

Belayet Hossain
Department of Agriculture, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh & Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present investigation was executed at Agricultural Research Field, Noakahali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh to access the effects of variety and integrated application of vermicompost, biochar and urea on efficiency of boro rice yield. The experiment was accomplished during the period from November 2018 to May 2019. It was completed in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatments assigned in a factorial arrangement of 2 × 4, with 2 varieties of rice (V₁-BINA dhan 8, V₂- BINA dhan 10) and 4 integration of vermicompost, biochar, and urea (T₁: Vermicompost-2.5 t ha^-1, T₂: Vermicompost-2 t ha^-1+ Biochar 0.5 t ha^-1, T₃: Vermicompost-1.5 t ha^-1+ Biochar1 t ha^-1 and T₄: Vermicompost-1.5 t ha^-1 + Urea-150kg ha-1/0.15 t ha^-1). Data were collected to analyze growth and yield contributing characters of boro rice. All the parameters were not statistically significant to differ. According to variety highest grain (3.73 t ha^-1) and straw (2.8 t ha^-1) yield was found from BINA dhan 10 in comparison with BINA dhan 8. In case of integrated application of vermicompost, biochar and urea, superior grain and straw yield were obtained from T₄: Vermicompost-1.5 t ha^-1 + Urea-0.15 t ha^-1 whereas lowest grain yield (3.01 t ha^-1 recorded from integrated application vermicompost and biochar. In combine maximum grain (4.92 t ha^-1) and straw (4.40 t ha^-1) yield was noted from BINA dhan 10 alone with integrated application of vermicompost and urea whereas the lowest data (grain: 2.50 t ha^-1; straw: 1.64 t ha^-1) was found from BINA dhan 8 along with vermicompost and biochar.

Keywords: Performance, Treatments, Vermicompost, Biochar, Boro rice

Location: Research Field of the Department of Agriculture, Noakhali Science and Technology University (NSTU), Sonapur, Noakhali-3814.

Start Date: 00-11-2018

End Date: 00-05-2019

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer, Vermicompost and vermiculture, Rice

Objectives:

To determine the positive influence of vermicompost on growth and yield contributing characters of boro rice varieties improved by the addition of biochar and urea.

Methodology:

During the period from November 2018 to May 2019, the present investigation was accomplished at the Research Field of the Department of Agriculture, Noakhali Science and Technology University (NSTU), Sonapur, Noakhali-3814. Young Meghna Estuarine Floodplain (AEZ-18) was the Agro-Ecological Zone of the research area. Young alluvial land and adjoining the Meghna estuary were the characteristics of that region as well as almost level with very low ridges and broad depressions. Almost leveled land having sandy loam soil, moderately alkaline, with pH value 7.8. During dry season, the soils become saline. Low organic matter content and medium fertility status was the nature of soil. Sub-tropical climatic condition and having significant rainfall most months, whereas a short dry season was obvious characters. The design of this experiment was randomized complete block design (RCBD). The experiment was executed with three replications. Unit plot size was 2 m × 1.5 m, having an area of 3 m2. In the experiment, each replication indicated a block. In each replications, treatment combinations were assigned randomly. Thus the total number of unit plots was 24 (3× 8). Spacing between block and plot was 1.0 m and 0.5 m. Seeds of boro rice variety (BINA dhan 8 and BINA dhan 10) were collected from Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh. Vermicompost and urea were collected from the local market. Biochar was collected from Dr. Shamim Mia, Associate professor, Department of Agriculture, Potuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU). Biochar was produced using the PSTU slow pyrolysis kiln from sawdust. The temperature of biochar production was ~400 °C while the duration of pyrolysis was 12 hrs. In a well prepared nursery bed, pre-germinated seeds of the variety BINA dhan 8 and BINA dhan 10 were uniformly broadcasted. By a tractor, the main field was first opened. Then, ploughing and repeated ploughing the land was prepared and subsequently leveled by laddering. Thereafter, for obtaining good tilth condition, the land was deep ploughed which was essential for better plant growth as well as yield. After each ploughing laddering was given to break the soil clods into small pieces. Fertilizers were applied at the basal with vermicompost, bichar, triple superphosphate (TSP) and muriate of potash (MP) at the specific plot according to the layout of RCBD design and urea was applied as top dressing in three equal splits at 15, 30 and 45 days after transplanting (DAT). From the seedbed, seedlings were carefully uprooted. Slightly irrigation was given for easier uprooting of the seedlings and maintains the health and vigour. After 5 days of transplanting died off of seedlings from some hills replaced died seedlings by gap filling. Few weeds namely durba, shama, maluncha and mutha were found in each plot after two weeks of transplanting. BINA dhan 8 and BINA dhan 10 became mature in dissimilar times. When 90% of grains became golden yellow color, then the harvesting done. After harvesting, harvested crops are bundled separately in according to the plot, marked them properly according to the treatments and sent to threshing floor. Grains were separated by a manually operated paddle thresher. Kept the grain moisture at 14% and clean the grain properly to remove unwanted and inert materials. At last straw and grain yield were calculated and converted into t ha^-1. Data were tabulated from five hills that were selected randomly and avoiding border hills as well as marked those selected hills by bamboo sticks soon after transplanting. Data was recorded on Plant height (cm), number of tillers hill^-1, grains panicle^-1, 1000 grains weight, grain yield (t ha^-1), straw yield (t ha^-1) and harvest index (%). Data of grain and straw yield was recorded in grams and finally converted into t ha^-1. After sun drying the grains properly 1000 grains weight was recorded. For proper statistical analyses data were recorded as well as tabulated accurately from different crop growth stages to find out appropriate effects of growth, yield and yield contributing characters of Boro rice. The recorded data of different parameters in this study were analyzed statistically by using MSTAT- C and Microsoft office Excel 2013 to find out the significant or non-significant within treatments and means were compared at 5% probability level.

Source of Information: Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research, 2020; 26(01), 2151-2158.

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.18801/jbar.260120.263

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the above results, it could be concluded that in terms of varieties BINA dhan 10 gave superior results 285 in comparison with BINA dhan 8. In case of application of vermicompost, biochar and urea, higher efficiency was noted from integrated application of vermicompost and urea in comparison with other treatments. In combined effects of varieties along with vermicompost, biochar and urea highest grain and straw yield was recorded from BINA dhan10 with vermicompost along with urea.

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